The investigation starts with peculiarities in Tacitus's depiction of a battle between the Iberians and Parthians. It shall be shown that this is ultimately based on contemporary Iberian heroic epic. Furthermore, it should clarified how local tradition can have found its way into senatorial historiography. A version goes back to L. Vitellius, who acted as governor for Tiberius Caligula, identif...

The edessines from Costa Rica are little known; only 18 species have been registered or described from this country so far. Mainly based in a large sample from Instituto Nacional de Biodiverdidad (INBio), Costa Rica, we decided to update the information concerning Edessinae from Costa Rica. We present a list of species from Costa Rica raising the number of known species from Costa Rica to 65. W...

INTRODUCTION The phytochemistry of species of the genus Piper has been studied extensively, including Piper solmsianum. However, no studies have addressed the phytochemistry of the sap content of Piper species. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the transferring of secondary compounds from the saps of P. solmsianum to the honeydew of Edessa meditabunda. METHODOLOGY The honeydew of E. meditabunda and sap...

The new genus Paraedessa is proposed, to include four species previously placed in Edessa. The new genus is characterized by males with the pygophore showing a lateral expansion of proctiger, and females with gonocoxites 8 reduced; gonapophyses 8 exposed and sclerotized. The species are very similar and their identification is possible only by comparing genitalia. New combinations proposed are ...