Consider a weighted n-vertex, m-edge graph G with designated source s and destination t. The topology of G is known, while the edge weights are hidden. Our goal is to discover either the edge weights in the graph or a shortest (s, t)-path. This is done by means of agents that traverse different (s, t)-paths in multiple rounds and report back the total cost they incurred. Various cost models are...

First-order logic (FOL) is undecidable — that is, no algorithm exists that can decide whether a formula of FOL is valid or not. However, there are various fragments of FOL that are known to be decidable. FO, the two-variable fragment of FOL, is one of such languages [1,2]. FO is a first-order language where formulas have maximally two variables, no function symbols, but possibly do have equalit...

This project was designed to produce a nourishing date bar with commercial value especially for school going children to meet their body development requirements. Protein level of date bars was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Economical and underutilized sources, that is, whey protein concentrate and vetch protein isolates, were explored for protein supplementation. Fourteen...

Several models have been proposed for scheduling the preventive maintenance (PM) of complex repairable systems in industry. These are often application-speci"c and some make unrealistic assumptions about stationarity of the process and quality of repairs. We investigate two principal types of general model, which have wider applicability. The "rst considers "xed PM intervals and is based on the...

Economical and biological efficiencies of beef production to weaning and to slaughter were estimated in three groups, different in milk available (low, medium, and high) to the calves but with the same potential for growth. Data from different breed groups of cows (low [L] = Hereford x Angus, medium [M] = Red Poll x Angus, and high [H] = Milking Shorthorn x Angus) were used. Economical efficien...

Single-bounce attenuated total reflectance (SB-ATR) Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been used for the quantitative determination of total aflatoxins in the broiler poultry feed. An FTIR calibration spanning the range 1-70 μg/L aflatoxin standards in (70:30, v/v) methanol-water solvent system based on partial least square (PLS) model, developed by relating mid IR region betwee...

This paper outlines a new durability model to assess the most economical first inspection period for structures. Practical scatter factor formulae are presented to determine the safe fatigue crack initiation and propagation lives from the result of a single full-scale test of a complete structure. Theoretical prediction techniques are developed to establish the relationship equation between the...