This article intends to p rovide a quantitative a ssessment of the performance of adaptive and nonadaptive applications when carried over an optical backbone network. Specifically, the study examines the impact of protection at t he optical l ayer, focusing on Optical Shared Protection Rings for the transport of IP based premium services. Using entropy as a measure of disruption in the network,...

In this paper, the overall ecological and environmental sustainability in the Cing-Jing region in Taiwan is examined. As land use and cover change has been found to be an important analysis method, an emergy ecological footprint model was applied and the eco-security assessed to ensure authorities maintain a balance between ecological preservation and tourism development. While the ecological e...

Introduction Marine ecological security assessments are considered as a basis for coordinating marine economic development and protection. Methods We propose an assessment method based on the emergy footprint which first measures of natural elements ecosystem. Considering role economic, social waste discharge factors in ecosystem, evaluation index is constructed, dynamic conducted long time ser...

Currently, a series of ecological environmental problems have been brought about by high-intensity intervention of human beings, and ecological security is regarded as one of the most important national survival strategies. A methodology of urban eco-security evaluation has been introduced, including a conceptual framework of pressure-state-response (PSR) model, setting-up of the indicator syst...

As the land ecosystem provides the necessary basic material resources for human development, land ecological security (LES) plays an increasingly important role in sustainable development. Given the degradation of land ecological security under rapid urbanization and the urgent LES requirements of urban populations, a comprehensive evaluation method, named Double Land Ecological Security (DLES)...