with the publication of the brundtland report carried the sustainability discussion into governments and businesses worldwide, much effort has gone into clarifying the meaning of the sustainability concept. to make the concept measurable and applied city sustainable idea, some new method was needed. so the method named ecological footprint has been presented.the ecological footprint method that...

approaches to biological diversity; Hutchinson contrasted the ecological theatre with the evolutionary play. Thus Darwin sought to understand the origins of diversity among individuals and species, while ecologists such as Elton and Hutchinson have tended to concentrate on the maintenance of diversity at the species level and above. As Levin repeatedly informs us, this division of processes is ...

introduction urban landscape is experiencing rapid changes which put all urban domains under pressures. these processes revolutionize urban landscape into spaces without ecologic values. the sustainability of green patches and corridors has been scathed by lack of ecological approaches in planning and design. therefore, urban green spaces structures and functions have been damaged. green spaces...

If life cycle oriented methods are to encourage sustainable development, they must account for the role of ecosystem goods and services, since these form the basis of planetary activities and human well-being. This article reviews methods that are relevant to accounting for the role of nature and that could be integrated into life cycle oriented approaches. These include methods developed by ec...

Glossary Accounting prices Accounting or shadow prices are measures of the social opportunity cost of resource use. The accounting price of a resource is the increase in social wellbeing that would be enjoyed if a unit more of the resource was made available at no cost. Ecological functions The combinations of ecosystem component and ecosystem processes that enable ecosystems to support primary...