Most moths use ears solely to detect the echolocation calls of hunting, insectivorous bats and evoke evasive flight manoeuvres. This singularity of purpose predicts that this sensoribehavioural network will regress if the selective force that originally maintained it is removed. We tested this with noctuid moths from the islands of Tahiti and Moorea, sites where bats have never existed and wher...

the exposure to electromagnetic field emitted by mobile telephones is increasing rapidly worldwide that causes side effects, including thermal and non thermal side effects. ear proximity to electromagnetic source may lead to greater damage and side effects, including hearing loss. this study was performed to assess the chronic effect of exposure to electromagnetic field of mobile telephones on ...

introduction: to reduce incidence of residual cholesteatoma following ear surgery; and to reduce the need for second look “open” mastoidectomy using endoscopic mastoidotomy. ten-year retrospective chart review of 249 primary cholesteatoma cases (1994-2004) with a minimum follow-up of two years.  the first objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of otoendoscopy in reducing the incidence of “...

For as long as I can remember, I have been attracted to things that are rare. As a child, these things included coins, stamps, and football cards. When I was invited as a young professor to lead efforts in science and conservation of one of the world’s rarest butterflies, I accepted enthusiastically. Beginning in 2002, I focused my efforts on conservation and recovery of St. Francis’ Satyr (Neo...

atmospheric visibility is a key factor in everyday life mainly in aviation, industry and surface traffic. it has been defined as the greatest distance at which an observer can just see a black object viewed against the horizon sky which is known as the visual range. furthermore, light extinction which is mostly due to absorption and scattering effects of aerosols in the atmosphere, can be calcu...

The Quaternary fossil record of Águas de Araxá (Q AA) is represented mainly by an accumulation of skeletal elements of several sizes, which are assigned to a population of Stegomastodon waringi. We analyzed 97 molars according to the ear stages of Simpson and Paula-Couto (1957), and developed a morphometric ear index. The population structure (proportion of immature, subadult, adult, mature adu...

objectives: microtia is the most commonly seen congenital ear defect, and involves an auricular deformity either unilaterally or bilaterally. the aim of this study was to fabricate silicone prostheses for a child with bilateral microtia using an innovative technique. methods: this method involved the construction of bilateral ear prostheses using clips, which were located within the layers of t...

A B S T R A C T Introduction:We investigated differential role of cortical and subcortical regions in verbal and non-verbal sound processing in ten patients who were native speakers of Persian with unilateral cortical and/or unilateral and bilateral subcortical lesions and 40 normal speakers as control subjects. Methods: The verbal tasks included monosyllabic, disyllabic dichotic and diotic tas...

Some of the planet’s rarest and most unusual mammals are the focus of an ambitious conservation project launched last month by British scientists. The plan will be based on animals traditionally overlooked by conservationists and will allow the public to track and donate to individual projects via a new website (www. edgeofexistence.org). Led by scientists at the Zoological Society of London, t...