The Ashburner model for the hormonal control of polytene chromosome puffing has provided a strong foundation for understanding the basic mechanisms of steroid-regulated gene expression (Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 38 (1974) 655). According to this model, the steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (referred here as ecdysone) directly induces the expression of a small set of early regulator...

Cytotoxic necrotizing factor types 1 and 2 (CNF1 and -2) produced by pathogenic Escherichia coli strains have 90% conserved residues over 1,014-amino-acid sequences. Both CNFs are able to provoke a remarkable increase in F-actin structures in cultured cells and covalently modify the RhoA small GTPases. In this study, we demonstrated that CNF2 reduced RhoA GTPase activity in the presence and abs...

Small hydrophobic hormones like steroids control many tissue-specific physiological responses in higher organisms. Hormone response is characterized by changes in gene expression, but the molecular details connecting target-gene transcription to the physiology of responding cells remain elusive. The salivary glands of Drosophila provide an ideal model system to investigate gaps in our knowledge...

The papers in this symposium address the issue of multiple equilibria that can be induced by monetary policy in models with capital accumulation. In particular they examine how the “Taylor Principle”, under which interest rates respond more than proportionately to increases in inflation, can generate multiple equilibria. They also explore the design of policies to avoid the problem of multiple ...

Recent experimental discovery of extended self-similarity (ESS) was one of the most interesting developments, enabling precise determination of the scaling exponents of fully developed turbulence. Here we show that the ESS is consistent with the Navier-Stokes equations, provided the pressure -gradient contributions are expressed in terms of velocity differences in the mean field approximation (...

In the paper by Hong, Song & Wu [Acta Cryst. (2007), E63, o2296], the scheme shows the wrong structure. The correct scheme is shown below and the compound name is corrected to "poly[[di-μ(2)-aqua-diaqua-hemi-μ(6)-oxalato-barium(II)] 2,4,6-trinitro-phenolate monohydrate", {[Ba(C(2)O(4))(0.5)(H(2)O)(4)]C(6)H(2)N(3)O(7)·H(2)O}(n).[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1107/S1600536807038159.].

Implantation of the duodenal-jejunal bypass sleeve under conscious sedation: a case series Rodrigo Montaña, M.D., Milenko Slako, M.D., Alex Escalona, M.D.* Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Department of Digestive Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile Received June 29, 20...

This paper exploits a large-scale auction experiment conducted by two Chinese government treasury security issuers—the Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank—to investigate whether securities should be sold through uniform price or discriminatory mechanisms. Based on outcomes of more than 300 issued an alternating auction-rule market experiment, we find that yield rates formats are not sta...

We study the cyclical behavior of fiscal policy to explain why some countries exhibit pro-cyclical fiscal policy stances–being expansionary in good times and contractionary in bad times. We develop a model that links the polarization of preferences over fiscal spending to the pro-cyclicality bias. We then present evidence that social polarization as measured by income inequality and educational...