This study investigated the discomfort caused by car driving. Discomfort estimates were achieved by self-administered questionnaire, measured by different testing methods, and through the goniometry of principal angles. Data from a total of 200 non-professional drivers who fulfilled the questionnaire was analysed. 118 subjects were analysed by goniometry and 30 drivers were assessed using the O...

The objective of the study was to analyze independently the contribution of pre-impact spine posture on impact response by subjecting a finite element human body model (HBM) to whole-body, lateral impacts. Seven postured models were created from the original HBM: one matching the standard driving posture and six matching pre-impact posture measured for each of six subjects tested in previously ...

Cervical spine injuries are a major concern for motorcyclists in traffic accidents and racing competitions. Neck braces aim to prevent cervical during by reducing the neck range of motion, keeping it under physiological limits. This work aims evaluate ability reduce mobility two driving postures associated with PTW configurations. The twelve volunteer subjects testing four on powered two-wheele...

In this paper, a scheme of moving-vehicles behavior detection based on accelerometer is proposed. Three-axis accelerometers are installed on vehicles to capture the moving car postures. A fuzzy interpretation system is developed to infer states of vehicle posture, such as normal driving, left/right turning, departure, accelerate, braking and bumping. Based on the appreciation of vehicle posture...

The paper presents a cross-coupling controller for a four-wheel steering mobile robot with independently actuated steering and driving of each wheel. The aim of the controller is to minimize slippage during transient states of the vehicle control. Linear approximation of the criterion for no slippage is adopted for the design of the LQR-based cross-coupling controller of steering actuators. Dri...

Base stability for a wheeled robot while driving over rough terrain is challenging issue. This paper proposes novel base-stability control framework, consisting of an AVIC (adaptive variable-impedance control), AVIC-based tracking controller, and THV (terrain height variation) AC (attitude control) AC-based controller to stabilize the base on terrain. The aims track desired trajectory suppressi...