Among the group of ubiquitous soil inhabiting fungi, Trichoderma species are of considerable commercial importance due to their ability to suppress many plant pathogenic fungi. They have been widely studied and employed for management of root and seedling diseases of many crops since decades. In recent years they are also being utilized for minimising diseases of foliar plant parts, especially ...

Rust diseases caused by fungi of the order Pucciniales afflict a wide range of plants, including cereals, legumes, ornamentals, and fruit trees, and pose a serious threat to cropping systems and global food security. The obligate parasitic lifestyle of these fungi and their complex life cycles, often involving alternate hosts for the sexual and asexual stages, also make this group of pathogens ...

in survey of infected samples to downy mildew of broadbean, chenopodium murale and rumex chalpensis using olympus microscope (bh2) and valid keys and recently published papers, two species were identified (choi et al. 2009, ershad 2009, telle & thines 2012).

Even though the microevolution of plant hosts and pathogens has been intensely studied, knowledge regarding macro-evolutionary patterns is limited. Having the highest species diversity and host-specificity among Oomycetes, downy mildews are a useful a model for investigating long-term host-pathogen coevolution. We show that phylogenies of Bremia and Asteraceae are significantly congruent. The a...

BACKGROUND Downy mildews are a group of microorganisms belonging to the Chromista kingdom that can infect specific plants. When growing on plant tissues these microbes can elicit the expression of pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs), a group of stress-induced proteins frequently described as allergens in many plant species. Our aim was to verify by a proteomic approach whether the allergic reac...

Before the advent of molecular phylogenetics, species concepts in the downy mildews, an economically important group of obligate biotrophic oomycete pathogens, have mostly been based upon host range and morphology. While molecular phylogenetic studies have confirmed a narrow host range for many downy mildew species, others, like Pseudoperonospora cubensis affect even different genera. Although ...

Strobilurin is a group of natural products and their synthetic analogs have been widely used to control prevent fungal diseases. Strobilurins were firstly isolated in 1977 from the mycelium Strobilurus tenacellus, saprobic Basidiomycete fungus causing wood-rotting on forest trees. This pesticides was designed manage pathogens classes such as Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Oomycetes. Also, commerc...

LAL, S., S. C. SAXENA, and R. N. UPADHYAY. 1980. Control of brown stripe downy mildew of maize by metalaxyl. Plant Disease 64:874-876. Seed treatment with metalaxyl at 4 g/ kg controlled brown stripe downy mildew (Sclerophthora rayssiae var. zeae) of maize up to 30 days after planting. When combined with seed treatment, one foliar application of metalaxyl (225 ppm) on the 30th day after plantin...