let g be a (p,q) graph. an injective map f : e(g) → {±1,±2,...,±q} is said to be an edge pair sum labeling if the induced vertex function f*: v (g) → z - {0} defined by f*(v) = σp∈ev f (e) is one-one where ev denotes the set of edges in g that are incident with a vertex v and f*(v (g)) is either of the form {±k1,±k2,...,±kp/2} or {±k1,±k2,...,±k(p-1)/2} u {±k(p+1)/2} according a...

Complete row and column symmetry breaking in constraint satisfaction problems using the lex leader method is generally prohibitively costly. Double lex, which is derived from lex leader, is commonly used in practice as an incomplete symmetry-breaking method for row and column symmetries. This technique uses a row-wise ordering to construct the lex leader. For this reason, it is generally counte...

Problem statement: In snake robot research, one of the most efficient forms of locomotion is the lateral undulation. However, lateral undulation, also known as serpentine locomotion, is illsuited for narrow spaces, as the body of the snake must assume a certain amount of curvature to propel forward. Approach: To overcome the inability to adapt to narrow spaces, a novel type of a gait was introd...

INTRODUCTION In North India snake bite deaths are predominantly seen with neurotoxic envenomations (NEs) whereas in South India the hemotoxic envenomation (HE) is more common. Krait is responsible for most deaths in North India. It bites people sleeping on the floors, mostly at night. We describe the profile of venomous snake bites over 1 year in 2013. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was cond...

In general, a quadrilateral mesh surface does not enable a continuous rigid motion because an overconstrained system, in which the number of constraints around degree-4 vertices (three for each vertex) exceeds the number of variables (the number of hinges), is constructed. However, it is known that the developable double corrugation surface, called Miura-ori, produces a rigid deployment mechani...

Considering the vulnerability of double-layer grid space structures to progressive collapse phenomenon, it is necessary to pay special attention to this phenomenon in the design process. Alternate path method is one of the most appropriate and accepted methods for progressive collapse resistant design of structures. Alternate Path Method permits local failure to occur but provides alternate pat...

A general 2D-hp-adaptive Finite Element FE implementation in Fortran 90 is described. The implementation is based on an abstract data structure, which allows to incorporate the full hp-adaptivity of triangular and quadrilateral nite elements. The h-reenement strategies are based on h2-reenement of quadrilaterals and h4-reenement of triangles. For p-reenement we allow the approximation order to ...

It is a common misconception that game-based learning is, by its very nature, engaging for the majority of learners. This is not necessarily the case, particularly for learners in Higher Education who may need to be persuaded of the value of learning games. For some learners, games may simply not be perceived as engaging–either in terms of an initial motivation to play or sustained participatio...

The aim of this paper is to present some odd graceful graphs. In particular we show that an odd graceful labeling of the all subdivision of double triangular snakes ( 2 k ∆ -snake ). We also prove that the all subdivision of 2 1 m∆ -snake are odd graceful. Finally, we generalize the above two results (the all subdivision of 2 k m∆ -snake are odd graceful).