The method of graphical vertex-condensation for enumerating perfect matchings of plane bipartite graph was found by Propp (Theoret. Comput. Sci. 303(2003), 267-301), and was generalized by Kuo (Theoret. Comput. Sci. 319 (2004), 29-57) and Yan and Zhang (J. Combin. Theory Ser. A, 110(2005), 113125). In this paper, by a purely combinatorial method some explicit identities on graphical vertex-cond...

We describe a new condensation method for computing the submodule lattice of a module for a finite dimensional algebra over a finite field, which exploits the idea of condensation and extends it to the case of primitive idempotents. The method has been implemented in the new C version of the Meat-Axe developed at Aachen, and we give several examples which have been analysed with our method.

introduction: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the sealing ability of 3 obturation techniques in oval-shaped canals by bacterial leakage assessment. methods: sixty mandibular incisors with oval canals were selected after providing buccolingual and mesiodistal radiographs. the teeth were sectioned at a 10 mm distance from the apex. after instrumentation, the teeth were divided into 3 gr...

We present a short review of how the effective action formalism, well known in relativistic quantum field theory, can be used to discuss Bose-Einstein condensation of non-relativistic gases. This method lends itself very naturally to an interpretation of Bose-Einstein condensation in terms of symmetry breaking. It also allows for the definition of a very elegant regularization technique involvi...

Condensation energy can be thought as the difference in ground state energy between the normal state and the superconducting state in a superconductor. In a way to understand and prove theory for superconducting transition, an accurate measurement of the condensation energy is needed [1]. The most common method for determination of condensation energy is by measuring the thermodynamical critica...

We report the development of a new method for producing mitotic extracts from tissue culture cells. These extracts reproducibly promote the condensation of chromatin in vitro when incubated with purified interphase nuclei. This condensation reaction is not species specific, since nuclei from chicken, human, and hamster cell lines all undergo chromatin condensation upon incubation with the extra...

We report the development of a new method for producing mitotic extracts from tissue culture cells. These extracts reproducibly promote the condensation of chromatin in vitro when incubated with purified interphase nuclei. This condensation reaction is not species specific, since nuclei from chicken, human, and hamster cell lines all undergo chromatin condensation upon incubation with the extra...

The self-condensation of alkynals was for the first time implemented under mild organocatalytic conditions and was successfully linked with a domino organocatalytic inverse-electron-demand oxa-Diels-Alder reaction, which led to the development of a facile one-pot method to produce a wide variety of polysubstituted chiral 3,4-dihydropyrans with good to high yields and diastereoselectivities and ...