BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The effects of delayed thrombolysis with alteplase and neuroprotection with an excitatory amino acid receptor antagonist and their combination were tested in an embolic stroke model. METHODS In 61 rats the carotid artery territory was embolized with arterial-like fibrin-rich clots. Hemispheric cerebral blood flow before and after embolization was measured by intra-arter...

Albeit there is no doubt that histamine and its H(3) receptors participate in several aspects of learning and memory, such as memory consolidation, nothing is known about their potential involvement in memory reconsolidation. On the basis of previous reports of pro-cognitive effects of histamine H(3) receptor inverse agonists (which augment histamine release), we investigated to what extent the...

To assess the functional significance of late inspiratory (late-I) neurons in inspiratory off-switching (IOS), membrane potential and discharge properties were examined in vagotomized, decerebrate cats. During spontaneous IOS, late-I neurons displayed large membrane depolarization and associated discharge of action potentials that started in late inspiration, peaked at the end of inspiration, a...

Introduction: Brilaroxazine (RP5063) displays high affinity for serotonin (5-HT) 1A/2A/2B/7 and dopamine (D) 2/3/4 moderate D1, transporter (SERT), nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, α4β2. These receptors are associated with multiple psychological disorders. Methods: The pre-clinical assessment involved three standard models emulating human schizophrenia symptoms. apomorphine climbing test (Prot...

D-Alanine, one of D-amino acids present in the mammalian brain, is a selective and potent agonist at the Nmethyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. Like D-serine, D-alanine is reported to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. However, orally given D-alanine is metabolized substantially by D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO), diminishing its oral bioavailability. In this study, we studied the effec...

Our previous studies demonstrated that FK960 [N-(4-acetyl-1-piperazinyl)-p-fluorobenzamide monohydrate], a novel antidementia piperazine derivative, exerts beneficial effects on memory deficits in various rodent models of amnesia, through activation of the somatostatin neuronal system. To extend the antiamnesic action of FK960 to nonhuman primates, FK960 was evaluated for its ability to reverse...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hypothermia induced after perinatal hypoxia-ischemia is partially protective. This study examined whether early treatment with the noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, dizocilpine, can augment neuroprotection with delayed hypothermia after severe asphyxia in preterm fetal sheep at 0.7 weeks gestation (equivalent to 28-32 weeks in humans). METHODS Fif...

Since the ethiopathology of schizophrenia is not fully understood, it is difficult to establish its animal model with full construct validity. Recently applied models are based on the central blockade of glutamate receptors, namely their NMDA subtype. It has been observed that administration of compounds that block NMDA receptor-dependent neurotransmission (phencyclidine, ketamine, dizocilpine)...

The present study shows that systemic dopamine receptor blockade impaired movement initiation of rats, trained in a simple reaction time task for rapid initiation of locomotion in response to a combined optic/acoustic cue. Reaction time, movement time and the accelerative force were recorded for each initiation of locomotion. Results indicate a dose-related increase of reaction time following s...