Studies from both tropical and temperate systems show that scatter-hoarding rodents selectively disperse larger seeds farther from their source than smaller seeds, potentially increasing seedling establishment in larger-seeded plants. Size-biased dispersal is evident in many oaks (Quercus) and is true both across and within species. Here, we predict that intraspecifc variation in seed size also...

The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sodium salt was reacted with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMA) to obtain DNA-CTMA organic-solvent soluble complex. The DNA-CTMA was then mixed with three organic dyes such as Nile Blue A (NB), Disperse Red 1 (DR1) and Disperse Orange 3 (DO3) resulting in colored membranes, that were characterized by UV-Vis, FTIR, X-ray, ionic conductivity and fluorescence...

Contact allergy to disperse dyes in textiles is documented in prevalence studies from southern Europe. To evaluate the prevalence of allergic patch test reactions to different textile dyes in southern Sweden, and to look at the sites of dermatitis in individuals hypersensitive to textile dyes, we retrospectively investigated 3325 consecutively patch-tested patients. They had all been patch test...

The umu test system is a newly developed method to evaluate genotoxicities of a wide variety of environmental carcinogens and mutagens (Oda et al., 1985; Nakamura et al., 1987). In the present study, SOS-inducing activity of 142 synthetic dyes was investigated by the umu test using Salmonella typhimurium (TA1535/pSK1002) under the condition of absence and presence of rat liver microsomal fracti...

www.sciencemag.org SCIENCE VOL 324 17 APRIL 2009 303 COVER Multiphoton laser scanning images showing cortical (top) and medullary (bottom) portions of a mouse inguinal lymph node. Green spheres represent dendritic cell precursors 5 hours after transfer from bone marrow; B cell follicles are shown in blue; blood vessels and T cells are in red. During development, these precursors migrate through...

In this study, the influence of dyeing on the antibacterial efficiency of polyamide and polyester fabrics loaded with colloidal Ag nanoparticles and the influence of the presence of Ag nanoparticles on the color change of dyed fabrics were investigated. Dyes C.I. acid green 25 and C.I. disperse blue 3 were used for dyeing of polyamide fabrics, while dye C.I. disperse violet 8 was used for dyein...

Resonance Raman spectra of azobenzene derivatives were examined in the presence of lipid membranes to find a probe that can distinguish different membrane phases. The NO2 symmetric stretching band of 4-(4-nitrophenylazo)aniline, also known as Disperse Orange 3 (DO3), is downshifted by about 4 cm(-1) on the phase transition of phosphatidylcholine membranes from the liquid crystalline to the gel ...