Background Disinvestment from inefficient health services may be a potential solution to rising healthcare costs, but there has been poor uptake of disinvestment recommendations. This Australian study aims to understand how health professionals react when confronted with a plan to disinvest from a health service they previously provided to their patients.   Methods This ...

OBJECTIVES To provide pharmacy managers and consultant pharmacists with a step-by-step approach for analyzing of the costs of delivering medication therapy management (MTM) services and to describe use of a free online software application for determining costs of delivering MTM. PRACTICE DESCRIPTION The process described is applicable to community pharmacies and consultant pharmacists who pr...

BACKGROUND Typically, little consideration is given to the allocation of indirect costs (overheads and capital) to hospital services, compared to the allocation of direct costs. Weighted service allocation is believed to provide the most accurate indirect cost estimation, but the method is time consuming. OBJECTIVE To determine whether hourly rate, inpatient day, and marginal mark-up allocati...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the direct healthcare cost of infants born to overweight or obese mothers to the National Health Service in the UK. DESIGN Retrospective prevalence-based study. SETTING Combined linked anonymised electronic data sets on a cohort of mother-child pairs enrolled on the Growing Up in Wales: Environments for Healthy Living (EHL) study. Infants were categorised according to ...

bus systems are unstable without considering any control. thus, we are able to consider some control strategies to alleviate this problem. a holding control strategy is one commonly used real-time control strategy that can improve service quality. this paper develops a mathematical model for a holding control strategy. the objective of this model is to minimize the total cost related to passeng...

the economic burden of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (hiv/aids) is far greater than its direct medical costs. this study estimated annual indirect costs of the hiv/aids epidemic in islamic republic of iran in 2006-2007 from societal perspective. a patient cost diary in sets of six booklets covering a total of 6 months (from october 2006 and fallowed until march...

This paper proposes an advanced distribution automation planning problem in which emergency-based demand response plans are incorporated during service restoration process. The fitness function of this planning problem consists of various costs associated with fault occurrence in electric distribution systems consisting of the total yearly cost of customers’ interruptions, the total annualized ...