The First Law of Thermodynamics provides a framework for understanding the imbalance between energy intake and expenditure that produces obesity, but it does not help understand the role of genetics, the regulation of food intake, the distribution of body fat, the mechanisms by which diets work or the mechanism by which portion control has gotten out of control. In animals, increasing dietary f...

Studies in rodents have shown that short-term increases in dietary fat result in fat cell enlargement and insulin resistance. In humans, although high-fat diets have been associated with obesity, little is known about the specific metabolic effects of these diets. In this study we explored possible associations between habitual dietary composition and insulin sensitivity. Twenty-two lean and 23...

BACKGROUND The Chinese population has undergone rapid transition to a high-fat diet. Furthermore, monosodium L-glutamate (MSG) is widely used as a daily food additive in China. Little information is available on the effects of oral MSG and dietary fat supplementation on the amino acid balance in tissues. The present study aimed to determine the effects of both dietary fat and MSG on amino acid ...

This document attempts to evaluate the strengths of the associations between dietary fat and the genesis of atherosclerosis; the kinds of evidence on which these associations are based; and the risks and benefits caused by changing the quantity and quality of dietary fat in the American diet. The role of dietary fat will be evaluated herein as a factor independent of such other putative dietary...

background: it has been suggested that nutrition might play a role in the etiology of multiple sclerosis (ms). however, dietary patterns associated with ms risk are unknown. this study was conducted to compare the dietary patterns of patients with ms and healthy controls to find the relationship between dietary patterns and ms. methods: usual dietary intake of 75 women with relapsing/remitting ...

In an attempt to determine the effect of dietary energy source on the quantity of abdominal fat in broilers, three levels of dietary animal fat (4, 7, and 10%) in isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were fed in place of a carbohydrate energy source. Three trials were conducted. As dietary animal fat increased, the amount of abdominal fat in broilers increased under both a moderateand a high-tem...

Background and Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by swelling, stiffness and pain in body joints. Based on the epidemiological studies, RA is less severe in Southern Mediterranean regions, where fish, olive oil, fruits and vegetables are consumed in great quantities. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in a case-control desig...

conclusions four major dietary patterns were identified in the present studied population that can be used to provide tangible dietary advice for the elderly. results four major dietary patterns were identified in the studied population: 1) healthy pattern, characterized by a higher intake of vegetables, tomato and tomato sauce, vegetable oil, olive, and fruits; 2) unhealthy pattern, characteri...

BACKGROUND Neuropeptide Y is a key peptide affecting adiposity and has been related to obesity risk. However, little is known about the role of NPY variations in diet-induced change in adiposity. OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the effects of NPY variant rs16147 on central obesity and abdominal fat distribution in response to dietary interventions. DESIGN We genotyped a functional NP...