We have identified chick frizzled (Fz)-10, encoding a Wnt receptor, and examined the expression pattern during embryogenesis. Fz-10 is expressed in the region posterior to the Hensen's node at stage 6. Fz-10 expression is detected in the dorsal domain of the neural tube and the central nervous system of the developing embryo. In the developing limb, Fz-10 expression starts at stage 18 in the po...

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the serum pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution, and renal toxicity of amphotericin B (AmpB) following administration of a single intravenous dose (1 mg/kg of body weight) of Fungizone (FZ) and a heat-treated form of FZ (HFZ) to New Zealand White female rabbits. FZ solutions were heated at 70 degrees C for 20 min to produce HFZ. Blood samples w...

The TA1 welded joints with different heat inputs were obtained by a fiber laser and their microstructure, mechanical properties corrosion resistance in simulated saliva solution studied. results show that the microstructure fusion zone (FZ) is needle-like ?? martensite lath-shape martensite, of heat-affected (HAZ) zigzag ? phase. With increase input, volume fraction decrease coarsened FZ, but t...

Frizzled (Fz) is a seven-pass transmembrane receptor that acts in both Wingless (Wg) and planar cell polarity (PCP) pathways. A prerequisite for PCP signaling is the asymmetric subcellular distribution of Fz. However, the regulation of Fz asymmetry is currently not well understood. Here we describe that the transmembrane protein CG8444 (here termed VhaPRR) is needed for PCP signaling in Drosoph...

The related Wnt-Frizzled(Fz)/b-catenin and Fz/planar cell polarity (PCP) pathways are essential for the regulation of numerous developmental processes and are deregulated in many human diseases. Both pathways require members of the Dishevelled (Dsh or Dvl) family of cytoplasmic factors for signal transduction downstream of the Fz receptors. Dsh family members have been studied extensively, but ...

Wnt signaling via the Frizzled (Fz) receptor controls cell polarity and movement during development, but the molecular nature of Wnt/Fz polarity signal transduction remains poorly defined. Here we report that in human cells and during Xenopus embryogenesis, Wnt/Fz signaling activates the small GTPase Rho, a key regulator of cytoskeleton architecture. Wnt/Fz activation of Rho requires the cytopl...

We study the conditions for reactivity enhancement of catalytic processes in porous solids by use of molecular traffic control (MTC) as a function of grain size. We extend a recently introduced two dimensional model system to three dimensions. With dynamic Monte-Carlo simulations and analytical solution of the associated Master equation we obtain a quantitative description of the MTC effect in ...

BACKGROUND The frizzled (fz) gene of Drosophila encodes the founding member of the large family of receptors for the Wnt family of signaling molecules. It was originally studied in the adult epidermis, where it plays a key role in the generation of tissue polarity. Mutations in components of the fz signal transduction pathway disrupt tissue polarity; on the wing, hairs normally point distally b...

Many epithelia have a common planar cell polarity (PCP), as exemplified by the consistent orientation of hairs on mammalian skin and insect cuticle. One conserved system of PCP depends on Starry night (Stan, also called Flamingo), an atypical cadherin that forms homodimeric bridges between adjacent cells. Stan acts together with other transmembrane proteins, most notably Frizzled (Fz) and Van G...

Drosophila Frizzled-2 (Dfz2) has been identified as a putative fly Wingless (Wg) receptor. Although Dfz2 shows significant homology with Fz, a protein that operates in the mechanisms that establish planar polarity in Drosophila epithelia, any clear evidence for an involvement by Fz in a Wnt signaling pathway has hitherto been absent. Here we describe the planar polarity phenotypes of loss-of-fu...