The results of our studies on the extraction and disposition of three plasticizing substances which are extracted from poly(vinyl chloride) medical devices will be reported. The plasticizers are di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DEHA), and butylglycolyl butyl phthalate (BGBP). DEHP extraction will be described in greater detail, and the two other plasticizers, DEHA and ...

In order to impart flexibility, plastic medical devices incorporate liquid plasticizers into their structure. Data from several laboratories, including ours, have shown that these compounds leach from blood bags and tubing during collection of blood, storage of various blood components and during kidney dialysis and cell and plasma apheresis procedures. After the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) ph...

Due to public health concerns, the Chinese government and the US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) both introduced test methods for the analysis of phthalate content in childcare items and toys using GC/MS in 2008. These regulatory methods require determination of the presence of six regulated phthalate esters including dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), bis(2-ethylh...

Esters of phthalic acid are extensively used as industrial solvents and plasticizers in the manufacture of a wide variety of plastics, including food-packaging materials. When administered orally to the rat, the metabolites in urine of a number of phthalate diesters appear as derivatives of the corresponding monoesters (Albro et al. 1973; Albro & Moore, 1974). Further, the most commonly used ph...

1 Identification of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced carboxylesterase 1 in C57BL/6 mouse liver microsomes: Purification, cDNA cloning, and baculovirus-mediated expression.

Plasticizers in 101 samples of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) toys on the Japanese market were surveyed. No phthalates were detected in designated toys, though bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate and benzyl butyl phthalate were detected in more than half of other toys. 2,2,4-Tributyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutylate, o-acetyl tr...

Phthalates are plasticisers added to a wide variety of products, resulting in measurable exposure of humans. They are suspected to disrupt the thyroid axis as epidemiological studies suggest an influence on the peripheral thyroid hormone concentration. The mechanism is still unknown as only few in vitro studies within this area exist. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influenc...

Dialkyl phthalate esters (DPEs) are widely used chemicals, with over 4 million tonnes being produced worldwide each year. On the basis of their octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow), which range from 10(1.61) for dimethyl phthalate to 10(9.46) for di-iso-decyl phthalate, certain phthalate esters have the potential to bioconcentrate and biomagnify in aquatic food webs. However, there are no...

This paper presents a short review of the available carcinogenicity tests which have been carried out on various phthalate esters prior to the availability of the National Cancer Institute bioassay studies. All of these studies suffer from diverse limitations in design or reporting when compared to more recent experimental protocols and reports. There are three papers related to di(2-ethylhexyl...

A method for the quantitative determination of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), di-n-octyl phthalate (DNOP), dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP), diisononyl phthalate (DINP), and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) in medical infusion sets was developed and validated using gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrup...