thrombin is a multifunctional enzyme which has key roles in coagulation cascade and inflammatory events. the pro-inflammatory functions of thrombin occur by different mechanisms including increasing mast cell degranulation, up-regulating the expression of cell adhesion molecules (cams) and promoting the secretion of inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. dysregulated signaling functions of thro...

how to cite this article: karimzadeh p. pelizaeus-merzbacher- disease (pmd) and pelizaeus-merzbacher-like disease (pmld). iran j child neurol autumn 2014;8:4 (suppl.1):9-10.   pls see pdf.

castleman’s disease (angiofollicular lymphoid hyperplasia) includes a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders. the cause of this disease remains uncertain. there are two types of localized castleman’s disease: the more common hyaline vascular and the plasma cell types. mixed variant is an uncommon localized lesion in general population. the lesions can occur in any part of the body...

pelizaeus­-merzbacher-like disease (pmld) is a hypomyelinating leukoencephalopathy disorder with a genetically heterogeneous pattern. mutations in the gja12/gjc2 gene cause one form of autosomal recessive pelizaeus­-merzbacher-like disease. here, we report a new mutation in a ­10-month-old girl with nystagmus, psychomotor delay, hypotonicity, head nodding and dysmyelination from healthy second ...

cardiovascular disease (cad) screening in asymptomatic patients with diabetes mellitus is controversial. an exercise stress test is a safe and effective initial testing for ischemic heart disease (ihd) screening. treadmill stress test is not the best screening method for a particular patient who is not able to exercise, abnormal electrocardiogram (ecg) or positive exercise treadmill test (ett) ...

the ideal approach for adequate management of subclinical hyperthyroidism (low levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone [tsh] and normal thyroid hormone level) is a matter of intense debate among endocrinologists. the prevalence of low serum tsh levels ranges between 0.5% in children and 15% in the elderly population. mild subclinical hyperthyroidism is more common than severe subclinical hyperthy...

abstract introduction : celiac disease (cd) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by ingestion of gluten in genetically predisposed individuals.  this study reports evaluated prevalence of cd in patients with beta-thalassemia major. materials and methods: in this case-control study in a period of 3 years  which was performed on 620 children in two groups of  beta-thalassemia major  patients (n=20...

background : approach to the small intestine has been difficult even with newer methods. double-balloon enteroscopy (dbe) has been created for diagnostic and therapeutic interventions in diseases of the small intestine. small intestinal diseases have different etiologies in each country. the dbe has been introduced in recent years in iran. our aim was to study the indications and results of dbe...

inflammatory bowel diseases are one of the important reasons of the referral to gi practitioners in our country and ulcerative colitis is the more frequent type of these disease in iran. in this study 200 cases of ulcerative colitis, which has been referred to imam khomeini hospital during that last 5 year, were studied. data was collected using the patient's records and face to face inter...