Focal spot size is one of the crucial factors that affect the image quality of any x-ray imaging system. It is, therefore, important to measure the focal spot size accurately. In the past, pinhole and slit measurements of x-ray focal spots were obtained using direct exposure film. At present, digital detectors are replacing film in medical imaging so that, although focal spot measurements can b...

|The Group Decision Feedback (GDF) detector is studied in this paper. The computational complexity of a GDF detector is exponential in the largest size of the groups. Given the maximum group size, a grouping algorithm is proposed. It is shown that the proposed grouping algorithm maximizes the Asymptotic Symmetric Energy (ASE) of the multiuser detection system. Furthermore, based on a set of low...

This Application Note shows the determination of protein molecular weight and size, together with linear quantifi cation using the Agilent 1260 Infi nity Multi-Detector Bio-SEC Solution. The molecular weights and sizes of proteins, ranging from cytochrome C (11 kDa) to thyroglobulin (670 kDa) were correctly determined, independent of sample loading. Using the dual angle light scattering detecto...

SIR, As discussed in our paper (J Med Genet 1987;24: 52-9) and in the comments by Dr Harris, the number of cases available for obtaining risk figures is very small and inadequate. Furthermore, there is considerable variability between the results of various studies. Statistical tests may not be appropriate until a larger sample size is available. Although the statistical analysis does not show ...

Background: Radiosurgery is a focal brain irradiation technique that delivers, usually in a single session, high dose of ionizing radiation. The presence of lateral electronic disequilibrium and steep dose gradients in small fields demands special attention to the selection of a suitable detector with respect to its size, composition and response. Materials and Methods : Small circular fields w...

It is well-known that the optimum multiuser detector achieves the global maximum likelihood (GML) detection in the entire set of hypotheses and several other iterative detectors such as the SAGE detector achieve the local maximum likelihood (LML) detection in the smallest neighborhood. In this paper, we generalize the local maximum likelihood detection into any size of neighborhood. The charact...

We study the physical reach of a Neutrino Factory in the 2+2 and 3+1 Four Neutrino mixing scenarios, with similar results for the sensitivity to the mixing angles. Huge CP-violating effects can be observed in both schemes with a near, O(10) Km, detector of O(10) Kton size in the νµ → ντ channel. A smaller detector of 1 Kton size can still observe very large effects in this channel.

The relationship between measured transverse energy, total charge recovered in the detector, and size of the emitting system is investigated. Using only very simple assumptions, we are able to reproduce the observed binomial emission probabilities and their dependences on the transverse energy. Our results show that the observed scaling can arise due to a combination of finite-size effects and ...