proposing a robust designed facility location is one of the most effective ways to hedge against unexpected disruptions and failures in a transportation network system. this paper considers the combined facility location/network design problem with regard to transportation link disruptions and develops a mixed integer linear programming formulation to model it. with respect to the probability o...

Many engineering design problems involve a combination of both continuous anddiscrete variables. However, the number of studies scarcely exceeds a few on mixed-variableproblems. In this research Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is employed to solve mixedvariablenonlinear problems. PSO is an efficient method of dealing with nonlinear and non-convexoptimization problems. In this paper,...