Principal components analysis (PCA) is a popular descriptive multivariate method for handling quantitative data. In PCA of a mixture of quantitative and qualitative data, it requires quantification of qualitative data to obtain optimal scaling data and use ordinary PCA. The extended PCA including such quantification is called nonlinear PCA, see Gifi [Gifi, 1990]. The existing algorithms for non...

This introduction to the Special Issue of the CALICO Journal positions research in Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) in the wider field of qualitative and quantitative approaches to research. It discusses the merits of the different approaches and links them to research paradigms that dominate the different subject areas constituting CALL research. The authors put forward arguments for...

A sequential mixed method approach was used to answer the research questions that guided this study. First, a survey was conducted among principals. Using a stratified random sampling 250 primary school principals from all over Cyprus (total population was 336) participated in this study. Data were collected through questionnaires, which were mailed to the principals. One hundred and thirty one...

The purpose of this article is to explore and describe guidelines for integration of the primary health care approach into a Community Nursing Science Curriculum in a Nursing College in Gauteng. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design was utilized. The focus group interviews were conducted with community nurses and nurse educators as respondents. Data were analyse...