Dental calculus is known to be related to the initiation of periodontal disease. Recent studies have indicated that salivary acid-base changes occur on patrol and that such changes may reasonably be expected to influence the formation and composition of dental calculus. A study was completed to examine these factors. Whole saliva samples were collected from eleven crewmen of a Polaris submarine...

A variety of microfossils, originating from plant foods, become trapped in the dental calculus matrix. Processing of dental calculus allows extraction of these microfossils. The resulting data can be used to reconstruct diet at the individual and population levels as the identification of microfossils like starch grains and phytoliths to the generic level, and sometimes to the species level, is...

Dental plaque is considered to be a major etiological factor in the development of periodontal disease. Accordingly, the elimination of supra- and sub-gingival plaque and calculus is the cornerstone of periodontal therapy. Dental calculus is mineralized plaque; because it is porous, it can absorb various toxic products that can damage the periodontal tissues. Hence, calculus should be accuratel...

Background and Aims: Disability is a global concern, involving a wide range of world’s population in all ages and social classes. Persons with disabilities have diverse personal factors with differences in gender, age, socioeconomic status, sexuality, ethnicity, or cultural herit­age. Women with disabilities experi­ence the combined disadvantages associated with gender as well as ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Dental calculus occurs as a consequence of supersaturation of saliva with respect to calcium phosphates. This mineralization of dental plaque can be delayed by the presence of crystallization inhibitors, such as pyrophosphate or bisphosphonates. Phytate inhibits brushite and hydroxyapatite crystallization and has the potential to prevent dental calculi formation. The ai...

Glycosaminoglycan constituents of the periodontium have been detected in supragingival and subgingival dental calculus. They are polyanionic heteropolysaccharides containing -COOH and SO3H residues. The non-sulfated hyaluronan is present in supragingival calculus, whereas chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and heparan sulfate are detected in subgingival calculus. They are implicated in both...

...................................................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... vii Chapter 1: Introduc...

Introduction: Nanobacteria have been implicated in the formation of pathogenic calcifications e.g. kidney stones, arterial plaque, calcified cardiac valves, dental pulp stone, etc. It has been hypothesized that nanobacteria may be present in dental calculus which has a similar mineralization formation process and that nanobacteria may play an efficient role in the calcification of dental calcul...