from the political sociology point of view, emerging and continuity of modern societies have been a combined with some kind of totalitarianism in west (as the first step of development), modern nation-states, modern revolutions, modern wars, formation of totalitarian communism-fashism, democratic systems, and at least globalization, terrorism, …. terrorism phenomena has been deep in glomming be...

The number of political parties and the type of electoral system may impact the level of democratic functioning within a government. Models are used to explore whether the number of political parties increases a country’s democracy score on the POLITY IV measure of democracy, and whether countries with proportional representation electoral systems have higher democracy scores than those without...

Democratic theory and practice underwent something of a renaissance in the late twentieth century. The spread of liberal democratic political systems was accompanied by two other trends that have the potential to transform the shape of politics: the rise of environmental movements and increased public use of the Internet. These changes have generated two theoretical variations on the theme: eco...

In the eyes of many people, political parties, the hallmark of modern democratic government, have become the biggest obstacles to democratic consolidation and good governance in much of democratic Southeast Asia. The purpose of this article is to analyze some of the characteristics of the parties and party systems in this area of the world. I first review the role that parties and party systems...

the administrative system is a means of achieving the goals of political, economic, social and cultural systems of any society. it seems the nature and content of administrative management system affected by the construction and nature of governing system in every society. thus, there is a proactive relationship between these systems. therefore competency-based administrative system is equivale...

the aim of this research is to scrutinize the effects of democratic regional organizations on democratization. we will scrutinize regional organizations regardless of their functional time and space. but attending the democratic feature that was regarded, we will concentrate mainly on the last three decades. after studying democratization process and represent subjects on democratic regional or...

Since leadership plays a vital role in democratic movements, understanding the nature of democratic leadership is essential. However, the definition of democratic leadership is unclear (Gastil, 1994). Also, little research has defined democratic leadership in the context of democratic movements. The leadership literature has paid no attention to democratic leadership in such movements, focusing...