Cartilage defects in the knee are often seen in young and active patients. There is a need for effective joint preserving treatments in patients suffering from cartilage defects, as untreated defects often lead to osteoarthritis. Within the last two decades, tissue engineering based techniques using a wide variety of polymers, cell sources, and signaling molecules have been evaluated. We start ...

Healing of bones damaged by accidents or other factors can be done creating artificial bone structures scaffolds that initiate the growth tissue and help support so they function. The process making scaffold powder metallurgy sintering with magnesium material. purpose this study was to determine effect variations in temperature compaction pressure metallurgical on compressive strength microstru...

Strategies to engineer bone have focused on the use of natural or synthetic degradable materials as scaffolds for cell transplantation or as substrates to guide bone regeneration. The basic requirements of the scaffold material are biocompatibility, degradability, mechanical integrity, and osteoconductivity. A major design problem is satisfying each of these requirements with a single scaffold ...

This study used a rat subcutaneous implantation model to investigate gradual in situ pore formation in a self-regulating degradable chitosan-based material, which comprises lysozyme incorporated into biomimetic calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings at the surface to control the scaffold degradation and subsequent pore formation. Specifically, the in vivo degradation of the scaffolds, the in situ por...

Abstract Vinyl esters and carbonates have recently been demonstrated to considerably lower cytotoxicity than their more commonly used (meth)acrylate counterparts, inspiring use in the 3D printing of biomaterials. However, degradation rates such synthetic photopolymers are slow, especially mild conditions present many biological environments. Some applications, for example, tissue regeneration s...

The ability to genetically modify mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded inside synthetic hydrogel scaffolds would offer an alternative approach to guide MSC differentiation. In this report, we explored gene transfer to MSCs seeded on top or inside matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) degradable hydrogels that were loaded with DNA/poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) polyplexes. DNA/PEI polyplexes were encapsula...

The tendon/ligament-to-bone interface has a complex organization to enable transfer of forces through the tendon/ligament to the bone. The purpose of this study is to create a co-culture environment enabling a tissue-specific tendon region and tissue-specific bone region on a degradable scaffold, using NIH 3T3 fibroblast-deposited extracellular matrix and MC 3T3 osteoblast-deposited extracellul...

We describe a method for creating alginate hydrogels with adjustable degradation rates that can be used as scaffolds for stem cells. Alginate hydrogels have been widely tested as three-dimensional constructs for cell culture, cell carriers for implantation, and in tissue regeneration applications; however, alginate hydrogel implants can take months to disappear from implantation sites because m...

Precise surface geometrical morphologies have been shown to improve cellular proliferation, adhesion, and functionality. It has been found that cells respond strongly to feature dimensions a fraction of their size. In this paper, soft lithography techniques were applied to microfabricate polydimethylsiloxane molds with precisely controlled micro-scale patterns. Three-dimensional polycaprolacton...