Maintaining the treatment results following orthodontic treatment is one of the most important aspects of the entire orthodontic treatment process. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the uses of Hawley and clear overlay orthodontic retainers relative to changes in overjet, overbite, intermolar width, intercanine width, and arch length measurements. These measurements w...

Aortic valve stenosis (AS) is a major health problem. Extensive myocardial remodeling increases operative risk and might lead to incomplete reverse with persistent symptoms after aortic replacement (AVR); this makes the optimal timing of AVR clinical challenge. The pathogenesis behind unclear. Central among signaling pathways in heart pro-hypertrophic Ca 2+ -activated calcineurin its downstream...

Between October 1972 and April 1977 15 patients underwent definitive repair of a ventricular septal defect (VSD) and reconstruction of the pulmonary artery at the banding site. This report presents pre- and post-operative haemodynamic data in 12 patients, seven to 22 years after banding (mean 13.4). Banding of the pulmonary artery was performed before the age of 6 months (mean 4). The indicatio...

: The purpose of giving space maintainer in primary dentition is to prevent the migration adjacent teeth, thus holding dental arch for succedaneous tooth erupt. Molar band fundamental component maintainer. retention surface important ensure fixed appliance therapy. Several methods have been described improve mechanical retentive surfaces bands including sandblasting, burs, etc. Sandblasting met...

Between May 1969 and June 1975, 43 patients with d-transposition of the great arteries, ranging in age from 2 months to 13 years (mean 19 months), underwent surgical correction. In the first 3 patients Mustard's original method was followed. Later a modified procedure was performed using a Teflon patch. Forty-two of the 43 patients had previously had 50 various palliative procedures, of which 3...

AIMS Aortic stenosis induces pressure overload and myocardial remodelling with concentric hypertrophy and alterations in extracellular matrix (ECM). Aortic valve replacement leads to reverse remodelling, a process of which knowledge is scarce. The aims of the present study were to examine alterations in myocardial gene expression and subsequently identify molecular alterations important for the...