BACKGROUND Several recent studies have reported successful hydrogen (H2) production achieved via recombinant expression of uptake [NiFe]-hydrogenases from Hydrogenovibrio marinus, Rhodobacter sphaeroides, and Escherichia coli (hydrogenase-1) in E. coli BL21(DE3), a strain that lacks H2-evolving activity. However, there are some unclear points that do not support the conclusion that the recombin...

BACKGROUND For membrane protein production, the Escherichia coli T7 RNA polymerase (T7 RNAP)-based protein production strain BL21(DE3) in combination with T7-promoter based expression vectors is widely used. Cells are routinely cultured in Lysogeny broth (LB medium) and expression of the chromosomally localized t7rnap gene is governed by the isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) inducibl...

Phage contamination has become a major concern for industrial bacteria, such as Escherichia coli BL21(DE3), used in fermentation processes. Herein, we report CRISPR/Cas9 defense system-based strategy to precisely prey and degrade phage DNA decontaminate target phages. First, isolated novel from substrates with BL21(DE3) the host, named TR1. It showed typical podovirus morphology head diameter o...

BACKGROUND In the biopharmaceutical industry, Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains are among the most frequently used bacterial hosts for producing recombinant proteins because they allow a simple process set-up and they are Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved for human applications. Widespread use of E. coli in biotechnology has led to the development of many different strains, and selec...

HIGHLIGHTS Chimeric protein P48-40 of Mycoplasma agalactiae was designed and expressed in E.coli BL21 (DE3). highly soluble form purified with yield 33mg/Lby using Nickel resin. Novel showed high performance for detection specific antibodies 100% sensitivity specificity.

A simple generic method for optimizing membrane protein overexpression in Escherichia coli is still lacking. We have studied the physiological response of the widely used "Walker strains" C41(DE3) and C43(DE3), which are derived from BL21(DE3), to membrane protein overexpression. For unknown reasons, overexpression of many membrane proteins in these strains is hardly toxic, often resulting in h...

BACKGROUND Heterologous expression systems based on promoters inducible with isopropyl-β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), e.g., Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and cognate LacI(Q)/P(lacUV5)-T7 vectors, are commonly used for production of recombinant proteins and metabolic pathways. The applicability of such cell factories is limited by the complex physiological burden imposed by overexpression of t...

Rare arginine codons AGA and AGG affect the heterologous expression of proteins in Eschericha coli. The tRNAs necessary for protein synthesis are scarce in E. coli strain BL21(DE3) pLysS and plentiful in strain BL21(DE3) CodonPlus -RIL. We evaluated in both bacterial strains the effect of these rare codons on the expression of triosephosphate isomerases from 7 different species, whose sequences...

OBJECTIVES Bacteriophage-encoded endolysins are a group of enzymes that act by digesting the peptidoglycan of bacterial cell walls. LysK has been reported to lyse live staphylococcal cultures. LysK proteins containing only the cysteine/histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase (CHAP) domain has the capability to show lytic activity against live clinical staphylococcal isolates, including met...