The notion of a singular proposition has a variety of important applications and connections. It is tied up with questions about actualism and haecceitism, presentism, quantification into attitude clauses, reference and rigidity, acquaintance, perception and hallucination,1 and of course singular (‘de re’) thought. The latter connections in particular suggest that singular propositions have a c...

Parallel and distributed programs often have hardware/problem speci c optimizations for improving quality of the program such as e ciency and robustness. Those optimizations, unfortunately, degrade portability and re-usability as they are intertwined with the original algorithm description. Re ective languages, which provide the application programmer extensible and abstract implementation of t...

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This paper provides a broad review of the public sector accounting research in recent years, including that undertaken in the US. An analysis of this research reveals a methodological distinction between research undertaken in the US (using predominately functionalist methodologies, accompanied by positivistic quantitative research methods) and that undertaken in the rest of the world (using in...

More than 50 years ago, Quine ( 1956 ) brought the de re / de dicto distinction back to the attention of philosophers; in the following decade, Barcan Marcus, Donnellan, Kaplan, and Kripke initiated the debate confronting direct vs. descriptivist accounts of reference. The nature of de re or singular thoughts thus became one of the leading concerns of philosophers. In spite of the immediate pop...

The question of how best to understand Kant’s distinction between things in themselves and appearances is one of the central interpretive questions concerning Kant’s theoretical philosophy, as well as one of the thorniest. By and large, philosophers have approached this distinction by recasting it in terms for which they antecedently believe they have a clearer understanding. In short, these ph...