2. Summary The Earth consists of the crust, mantle (Note #1), outer core and inner core (Note #2). The D" (pronounced “Dee double prime”) layer is the name given to the lowermost several hundred km of the mantle, directly below which is the molten outer core, which is composed primarily of iron. The temperature and chemical composition within D" vary rapidly as the distance to the core-mantle b...

This article presents a Matlab-based educational software developed at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in Greece, in order to familiarize students and young engineers with fundamental concepts of structural dynamics and, in particular, soil–structure interaction problems. This user-friendly educational tool aims to assist the students in comprehending the nature of this complex phenomenon ...

We present a new approach to determine the 3-D topography and lateral continuity of seismic interfaces using 2-D-derived controlled-source seismic reflector data. The aim of the approach is to give the simplest possible structure consistent with all reflector data and error estimates. We define simplicity of seismic interfaces by the degree of interface continuity (i.e. shortest length of offse...

Shallow high resolution 2-D and 3-D seismic reflection techniques are assisting in the subsurface delineation of a surface collapsc feature (sinkhole) at Weeks Island. Louisiana. Seismic reflection surveys were conducted in March 1994. Data from walkaway noise tests were used to assist selection of field recording parameters. The top of the salt dome is about 180 ft below ground surface at the ...

2-D elementspace and beamspaceextensions of Friedlander’s wideband interpolated root-MUSIC technique are applied to azimuthvelocity source location using real seismic data from the GERESS array (Germany). We demonstrate that 2-D interpolated rootMUSIC is able to estimate the parameters of a typical seismic source with a good accuracy. The use of interpolated root-MUSIC and its beamspace modific...

seismic ground motion is profoundly affected by geometrical and mechanical properties of soil deposits overlaying bedrock. local seismic ground response of saturated soil deposits was studied in literature by applying the effects of soil stress state and index properties on the strain-dependent normalized shear modulus reduction, g/g0, and damping ratio, d, curves in an equivalent linear analys...

In this paper a local Radon representation is proposed and applied to 3-D seismic data analysis. The derivation of the local Radon power spectrum is based on an extension of the relation between the global Radon transform and multi-dimensional Fourier transform to the non-stationary case. This Wigner-Radon power spectrum is closely related to the Cohen’s class of quadratic timefrequency represe...

Random noise in seismic data affects the signal-to-noise ratio, obscures details, and complicates identification of useful information. We present a new method for reducing random, spike-like noise in seismic data. The method is based on a 1-D stationary median filter (MF) – the 1-D time-varying median filter (TVMF). We design a threshold value that controls the filter window according to chara...

Interpretation of subsurface geology is greatly enhanced by 3-D seismic data, and this accounts for its ubiquity in today’s search for hydrocarbons. Seismic interpretation has two fundamental disciplines at its core: seismic geomorphology and seismic stratigraphy. Plan views allow the explorationist to apply principles of geomorphology, based on analogies with modern sedimentary systems, to int...