background and aims: herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv1) remains a potentially serious health problem world wide. all infected people, including asymptomatic ones, are potential sources for virus transmission. virus envelope contains at least 13 glycoproteins, which glycoprotein d is the major target of immune responses. the aim of this study was development of a specific method that is a more r...

Intact human erythrocytes were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GA) or dimethyladipimidate (DMA) and tested for their ability to bind [125I]-IgG anti-Rh0(D) and to undergo antibody-mediated hemagglutination. There was no decrease in antibody binding after treatment with GA concentrations up to 1.25% and DMA concentrations up to 1%. Red cells treated with these concentrations of GA and DMA did ...

The O antigen is an essential component of the lipopolysaccharides on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria and its variation provides a major basis for serotyping schemes. The Escherichia coli O-antigen form O180 was first designated in 2004, and O180 strains were found to contain virulence factors and cause diarrhea. Different O-antigen forms are almost entirely due to genetic variations in t...

The D antigen of the Rhesus blood group, an erythroid-specific cell surface marker, is expressed by all morphologically recognizable human nucleated red blood cell precursors including, in low density, the pronormoblast. The object of the present study was to determine the expression of the D antigen by committed erythroid progenitors. Under conditions that produced complete inhibition of BFU-E...

background: rh (rhesus) is a highly complex blood group system in man deeply rooted in transfusion medicine. isolation of rhd from cord blod, cloning and expression of recombinant rhd antigen in bacterial expression system was the aim of this study. methods: total rnas were extracted from cord blood (o + ).  the quality of rna was determined by electrophoresis. in or­der to obtain coding sequen...

Background: Approximately 600,000 deaths occur every year as a result of the acute and chronic consequences of hepatitis B virus infection. Ten different hepatitis B virus genotypes have been identified with distinct geographical distributions. Different clinical outcomes, including the rate of mutations, development of hepatocellular carcinoma, chronicity, response to treatment, transplantatio...