Metastasis of liver cancer is closely linked to tumor microenvironment, in which chemokines and their receptors act in an important role. The CXCR3, the receptor of chemokine CXCL9, belongs to a superfamily of rhodopsin-like seven transmembrane GPCRs and CXCR subfamily. In HCC tissues, CXCR3 was frequently upregulated and correlated with tumor size, tumor differentiation, portal invasion and me...

BACKGROUND Chemokines play important roles in immune system activation against microbial infections. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to evaluate seminal levels of CXC chemokines CXCL1, CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL12 in Chlamydia trachomatis infected patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The C. trachomatis infection was determined employing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based methods. Seminal conce...

Previously, we demonstrated concordance in differentially expressed genes in sarcoidosis blood and lung, implicating shared dysfunction of specific immune pathways. In the present study, we hypothesised that expression levels of candidate genes in sarcoidosis blood could predict and track with disease outcomes longitudinally. We applied Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to a cross-sectional derivation...

BACKGROUND Monokines induced by interferon-gamma/Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (MIG/CXCL9), thymus and activation-regulated chemokine/Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 17 (TARC/CCL17) are chemotactic factors that specifically collect and activate leukocytes, which are considered as chemoattractants of T helper cells. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of T helper type-1 (Th1) ...

Pharyngitis caused by Streptococcus pyogenes is one of the most common bacterial infections in humans and is also a starting point for invasive S. pyogenes infection. Here, we describe that tonsil fluid from patients with streptococcal pharyngitis contains high amounts of the interferon (IFN)-dependent CXC chemokine known as monokine induced by IFN- gamma (MIG)/CXCL9. Also in vitro, inflamed ph...

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious and one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. There is accumulating evidence to indicate that advanced glycation end products (AGEs), senescent macroprotein derivatives formed at an accelerated rate under conditions of diabetes, play a role in DN. In this study, we found that the serum and urine levels of C-X-C motif chemokine ligand ...

UNLABELLED Recent data suggest that the chemokine receptor CXCR3 is functionally involved in fibroproliferative disorders, including liver fibrosis. Neoangiogenesis is an important pathophysiological feature of liver scarring, but a functional role of angiostatic CXCR3 chemokines in this process is unclear. We therefore investigated neoangiogenesis in carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver...

C-X-C motif chemokine 9 (CXCL9), CXCL10, and CXCL11 are produced in response to interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and trigger inflammation with the accumulation of activated lymphocytes. It appears that these chemokines could play a role in the pathogenesis of adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD). Therefore, we investigated the associations between the levels of these chemokine and clinical manifestations in ...

Chemokines have been shown to be effective bactericidal molecules against a variety of bacteria and fungi in vitro. These direct antimicrobial effects are independent of their chemotactic activities involving immunological receptors. However, the direct biological role that these proteins may play in host defense, particularly against intestinal pathogens, is poorly understood. Here, we show th...

BACKGROUND Alopecia Areata (AA) is a non-scarring, autoimmune disorder which causes hair loss. Inflammatory reactions are involved in hair loss of the scalp and/or body. The involvement of chemokine receptors in the pathogenesis of AA is well defined among which, CXCL1 acts on neutrophils and CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL12 serve as T lymphocytes recruiters. OBJECTIVE To study the serum levels of EL...