In 3-axis NC (Numerical Control) machining, various cutters are used and the offset compensation for these cutters is important for a gouge free tool path generation. This paper introduces triangular mesh offset method for a generalized cutter defined based on the APT (Automatically Programmed Tools) definition or parametric curve. An offset vector is computed according to the geometry of a cut...

Manufacturing process of gear is fairly complicated due to the presence of various simultaneous motions of the cutter and the job. In this paper, an attempt is made to generate meaningful design data for a spur gear and the corresponding rack form cutter necessary for the manufacturing process. Using these information, solid models for the cutter and blank are developed and finally gear-manufac...

A neural network based vision system for micro workpieces manufacturing is developing. The system has to recognize the shapes of the micro workpieces and to give the information for correction of the workpieces manufacturing process. The system prototype was proved off-line on the task of 3 mm screw shape recognition. The shape distortions were made with the incorrect position of the cutter in ...

A simple but viable whole stalk harvester for operating under local field conditions, which is compatible with existing manual and mechanical loading and hauling systems, is described. The efficiency and output of the cutter which has been tested over a number of harvesting seasons, and the operating costs are estimated. Various systems of handling both green and burnt cane by the Midway are co...

S mall-gauge sutureless pars plana vitrectomy reduces postoperative inflammation at the sclerotomy sites in comparison with conventional 20-gauge sutured pars plana vitrectomy, thus decreasing patient discomfort postoperatively and hastening recovery.1-5 Despite the clinical advantages of smaller diameter vitrectomy systems, they pose significant challenges in vitreous removal as they decrease ...

This paper presents an algorithm for calculating the volume of a 2D-profile, accessible by a given diameter of milling cutter. The method is independent of the generation of cutter tool paths, and exploits facilities commonly found in kernel modellers. Exact results are obtained despite the simplicity of the procedure. As a proof of the concept, the algorithms have been implemented in the Herio...

Practical Tunnel-boring Machine (TBM) guidance systems usually use sophisticated instruments to obtain the orientation of the TBM. These systems require frequent calibration and work shutdown, making the procedure complex and time consuming. Besides, the majority of current TBM guidance solutions cannot provide the position of the invisible cutter head analytically including commonly used laser...

The South African sugar industry harvests in excess of 20 million tons of sugarcane annually. More than 90% of this tonnage is currently being harvested manually. During 2002, the South African Sugar Association Experiment Station’s Agricultural Engineering Department conducted a comprehensive cane cutter survey throughout the South African and Swaziland sugar industries. The primary objective ...

Effectiveness of tool condition monitoring strategy depends on accuracy in failure prediction (prognostics) of cutting tools. Data driven approaches are generally used for prognostics of cutting tools. Various prognostics models have been proposed in the literature. Performance of these models in terms of accuracy and applicability are found to be the major constraints for use in real industria...

This test was sent to 245 participants. Each sample set contained a bolt cutter (Item 1) and two padlocks containing questioned toolmarks (Items 2 and 3). Participants were requested to examine these items and report their findings. Data were returned from 202 participants (82% response rate) and are compiled into the following tables: Page 2 Manufacturer's Information 3 Summary Comments 4 Tabl...