For several years, international organisations including the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the World Bank, the World Customs Organization (WCO), the World Trade Organisation (WTO) and the European Union, have considered and provided recommendations on the use of information and communication technology (ICT) to enhance trade facilitation and to improve the proce...

International e-Customs is going through a standardization process. Driven by the need to increase control in the trade process to address security challenges stemming from threats of terrorists, diseases, and counterfeit products, and to lower the administrative burdens on traders to stay competitive, national customs and regional economic organizations are seeking to establish a standardized ...

In the International trade of the commodities, the rate of customs duties and other local duties are determined on the basis of World Customs Organization (WCO) approved HS classification that is followed in most of the countries. Since the classification is based on a number of rules that are subjected to different interpretation, disputes may arise between the customs department and the impor...

Millions of shipping containers filled with goods move around the world every day. Before such a container may enter a trade bloc, the customs agency of the goods’ destination country must ensure that it does not contain illegal or mislabeled goods. Due to the high volume of containers, customs agencies make a selection of containers to audit through a risk analysis procedure. Customs agencies ...

This research paper explores the current state of play regarding crossborder trade and logistics operations in Switzerland, aiming to identify opportunities to reduce costs and to improve efficiencies in cross-border supply chains, covering procedures, tools and services associated with import, export and transit procedures. The study present the following conclusions and recommendations: Inter...