The formulation of most shortest-path problems makes two simplifying assumptions: (1) the edge weights are deterministic, and (2) global knowledge of the network is available. I develop a decentralised routing algorithm providing en-route guidance for travellers without global knowledge on spatial networks with stochastic edge weights. The algorithm guides travellers using an estimation functio...

Bloom filter (BF) is a space-efficient data structure that represents a large set of items and supports efficient membership queries. It has been widely proposed to employ Bloom filters in the routing entries so as to facilitate data-centric routing in network applications. The existing designs of Bloom filters, however, cannot effectively support in-network queries. Given a query for a data it...

This paper introduces a novel variant of the cumulative vehicle routing problem (CCVRP) that deals with home health care (HHC) logistics. It includes multiple nonfixed depots and emergency trips from patients to closest depot. The aim is minimize system's delayed latency by satisfying mandatory visit times. Delayed corresponds caregivers' total overtime hours worked while visiting patients. A n...

As our economy and critical infrastructure increasingly rely on the Internet, securing routing protocols becomes of critical importance. In this paper, we present four new mechanisms as tools for securing distance vector and path vector routing protocols. For securing distance vector protocols, our hash tree chain mechanism forces a router to increase the distance (metric) when forwarding a rou...

As our economy and critical infrastructure increasingly rely on the Internet, securing routing protocols becomes of critical importance. In this paper, we present four new mechanisms as tools for securing distance vector and path vector routing protocols. For securing distance vector protocols, our hash tree chain mechanism forces a router to increase the distance (metric) when forwarding a rou...

This letter characterizes the contact angle distribution based on condition that relay low earth orbit (LEO) satellite is in communication range of both ground transmitter and receiver. As one core distributions stochastic geometry-based routing analysis, analytical expression Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) conditional derived. Furthermore, applied to analyze inaccessibility common sate...

This paper proposes a group of picture (GOP)-aware multipath source routing protocol (GMSR) for real-time moving picture experts group (MPEG) video delivery in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). First, as existing multipath routing protocols usually produce large amount of route reply packets in a short period of time, which may cause traffic congestion, a cumulative route reply strategy (CRR) is...

mobile-ad-hoc-networks (manets) are self-configuring networks of mobile nodes, which communicate through wireless links. the infrastructure of a mobile ad hoc network (manet) has no routers for routing, and all nodes must share the same routing protocol to assist each other when transmitting messages. the main issues in manets include the mobility of the network nodes, the scarcity of computati...

today, one of the new technologies in the modern era is vehicular ad-hoc network which has takenenormous attention in the recent years. because of rapid topology changing and frequent disconnectionmakes it difficult to design an efficient routing protocol for routing data between vehicles, called v2v orvehicle to vehicle communication and vehicle to roadside infrastructure, called v2i. designin...

Wireless Mesh Network (WMNs) is a promising technology that has been accepted favorably by the Internet Service Providers (ISPs). ISPs use it to provide last mile broadband connectivity end users. This popularity arises from fact, inter operates well with diverse wireless systems and provides robust fault tolerance high degree of redundancy reliability. Routing metrics plays crucial part in per...