Polish Red (PR) is the native Polish cattle breed included in the FAO National Rare Livestock Breeds Preservation Programme. The breed is characterized by high vitality and fertility, calving ease, resistance to diseases, and low requirements for feed. Milk yield is low, but fat and protein content of milk are high. The frequencies of alleles of commonly studied loci as well as the presence of ...

Matrix isolation infrared (IR) studies have been carried out on the vaporisation of the alkali-metal azides MN3 (M = Na, K, Rb and Cs). The results show that under high vacuum conditions, molecular KN3, RbN3 and CsN3 are present as stable high-temperature vapour species, together with variable amounts of nitrogen gas and the corresponding metal atoms. The characterisation of these molecular azi...

This study was conducted to determine the optimum ratio of lysine and methionine (Lys:Met) to enhance milk protein concentration in vitro, focusing on the regulation of genes related to the JAK2-STAT5 and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathways. A preliminary dose response study revealed that casein concentration peaked (2.5-2.7 ppm) at a supplemental Lys concentration of 1....

Increased productivity in the industry can be achieved by breeding for productive longevity through searching and using genetic markers. The study analysed data of 1476 animals with at least one completed lactation. Depending on linear affiliation kappa-casein gene genotype servicing bulls, their female offspring were divided into 4 groups. CSN3 A allele frequency studied bulls was 81.91%, B 18...

Arginine (Arg) is a conditionally-essential amino acid that is taken up by bovine mammary gland in excess of its output in milk. In this study we evaluated the effects of Arg concentration on the expression of casein and signaling pathway-related genes in mammary epithelial cells. The treatments (applied for 24 h) were designed to be devoid of Arg 0X (control; 0.00 mg/L), resemble the profile o...

Kappa-casein, as a major protein component in mammalian milk, plays an essential role in formation and stabilization milk micelles and preventing them from aggregating and therefore, helping to keep calcium phosphate in solution and transfer of calcium and phosphors from animal milk to consumers. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to investigate genetic and phylogenetic analysis ...

Tandem affinity purification (TAP) strategies constitute an efficient approach for protein complex purification from many different organisms. However, the application of such strategies for purifying endogenous Arabidopsis multi-protein complexes has not yet been reported. Here, we describe an alternative TAP (TAPa) system that successfully allows protein complex purification from Arabidopsis....