BACKGROUND Thoracic complications of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts have been extensively reported in the literature. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrothorax without catheter migration, however, has been rarely described and poorly understood. CASE DESCRIPTION We describe development of pleural effusion and respiratory distress in a 3-year-old boy with no evidence of VP shunt catheter displac...

OBJECTIVE The diagnosis of shunt malfunction can be challenging since neuroimaging results are not always correlated with clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a simple, minimally invasive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lumbar tapping test that predicts shunt under-drainage in hydrocephalus patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiol...

V (VP) shunt infections are a common complication in patients with these devices. Because children with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts are more likely to experience infections, considerably more studies evaluating this complication in children are available than studies evaluating this complication in adults. 1 – 3 The available literature on VP shunt infections in adults consists mainly of r...

Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the brain is a condition known as hydrocephalus. It may cause a life-threatening increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). Nonsurgical treatment of hydrocephalus includes continuous CSF drainage, repetitive lumbar punctures (Lim et al., 2009), or osmotic diuretics such as mannitol or glycerol, but their effects are transient and limited. Sur...

Lumboperitoneal (LP) and ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts are a frequent treatment modality for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Although these shunts have been used for a long time, it is still not clear how they change the total craniospinal CSF volume and what portions of cranial and spinal CSF are affected. This report for the first time presents the results of a volumetric analy...

Abstract Background Leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) represents a terminal condition in subset of patients with primary extra-cranial malignancies. With improved survival rates under novel systemic therapies for tumors, the role cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion via ventriculo-peritoneal shunts (VP-shunt) symptom control hydrocephalic LM is becoming increasingly important. This study hence aime...

OBJECT Shunt infections and their management remain a clinically important problem in patients with hydrocephalus. The authors evaluated, in comparison with traditional parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) in blood/serum (S-CRP) and in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; C-CRP) for its power to identify and treat patients with infected shunts. METHODS On 84 different occasions, CSF and blood samples fr...

OBJECTIVE The authors report the first documented case of laparoscopically induced ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt failure. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Laparoscopic surgery has become a preferred method of accessing and treating a variety of intraperitoneal pathology. Surgeons can expect to encounter patients who have previously undergone placement of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunts who present ...

BACKGROUND Pleural effusion is a rare complication of ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting and its diagnosis is difficult in patients with neurological and consciousness impairment. CASE REPORT Herein we report the case of a child affected by Pfeiffer syndrome and hydrocephalus, shunted at the age of 3 months, who developed acute respiratory failure due to a right-sid...

Quantification of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) system may be useful for distinguishing relative treatments in the presence of choroid plexus papillomas (CPPs). To study the CSF system, mathematical models and simulations detailing the cerebral blood flow and CSF filtration were constructed to represent a normal brain, a brain with CPP located in the left lateral ventricle, and a brain with CPP...