This paper investigates the core and cladding effective area and splicing loss behavior of a square lattice photonic crystal fiber. These behaviors of square lattice photonic crystal fiber are also compared with the hexagonal photonic crystal fiber. Effective index method is applied for the numerical calculation and the plot has been analyzed by using MATLAB. It has been observed that by choosi...

sr6nb10o30–nb2o5 nanocomposite was synthesized in 2m naoh aqueous solution. a stoichiometric 1:1 sr:nb molar ratio hydrothermal method at 120°c was used to synthesize this nanocomposite. sr(no3)2 and nb2o5 were used as raw materials. the synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by powder x-ray diffraction (pxrd) technique. it was found that sr6nb10o30 was crystallized in tetragonal crystal ...

Lanthanum (La) doped Ceria (CeO2) has attracted considerable interest as a candidate material for thermal barrier coating (TBC) because of its low thermal conductivity and potential capability to be operated above 1250°C. In this study, La2Ce2O7 powder was synthesized through the ball mill method. The crystal structure of La3+ su...

Few examples of macromolecular crystals containing lattice-translocation defects have been published in the literature. Lattice translocation and twinning are believed to be two common but different crystal-growth anomalies. While the successful use of twinned data for structure determination has become relatively routine in recent years, structure determination of crystals with lattice-translo...

At present, the determination of crystal structures from data that have been acquired from twinned crystals is routine; however, with the increasing number of crystal structures additional crystal lattice disorders are being discovered. Here, a previously undescribed partial rotational order-disorder that has been observed in crystals of stefin B is described. The diffraction images revealed no...

Bragg’s Law provides a means of explanation when investigating a crystal structure by relating the space between the spheres to the scattering angles of microwaves. This lab explored the phenomenon of Bragg diffraction by looking at the distances between the planes of a three dimensional crystal lattice. Using a microwave emitter, microwave were projected onto the crystal lattice, and then a re...

Based on the crystal and magnetic structural properties of some Gd intermetallic compounds, it is shown that with increasing conduction electron concentration, Gd experiences electronic and magnetic instability, and that these behaviors point to the appearance of Kondo Lattice. We suggest that the conduction electrons have gained local character. It is shown that Kondo effect should be observed...

Dehydration of hydrates of pharmaceutical inactive/active ingredients (pharmaceutical hydrates) may easily occur during storage or manufacturing. Loss of water may have little effect on the crystal lattice, produce less hydrated forms or possibly amorphous form. Characterizing the effects of water loss on crystal hydrate forms is important for understanding the behavior of hydrates throughout t...