INTRODUCTION The Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA), enacted in 1982 as a major initiative of the Reagan Administration, created what became a $5 billion federally-funded employment and training program for disadvantaged workers. 1 The JTPA directs the states to provide services to “those who can benefit from, and are most in need of, such opportunities” and requires that the results “be measu...

We investigate the effects that regional start-up activity has on employment in new and in incumbent businesses. The analysis is performed for West German regions over the 1987-2002 period. It shows that the effects of new businesses on employment in the incumbents are significantly positive and that this indirect effect on incumbent employment leads to more jobs than what is created by the new...

The One-Stop service delivery system was established under the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) of 1998 (Public Law 105–220, 29 U.S.C. 2801 et seq.). One of the core principles of WIA was to provide universal access to services by “giving all Americans [including those with disabilities] access to comprehensive services, information and resources that can help them in achieving their career goals...

rapid population increase, expanding urbanization, lack of employment opportunities, particularly in agriculture, population pressure on natural resources and failing to create and expand medium and large industries, especially in developing countries led industrialization strategy that these countries from the mid-decade villages 1970 in their development programs to consider. this year emphas...

This paper examines how university research alliances and other cooperative links with universities contribute to startup employment growth. We argue that “scientific absorptive capacity” at the startup is critical for reaping the benefits from university research alliances, but not necessarily for other university connections. We also estimate the aggregate employment contribution from startup...

It is commonplace for firms to collaborate with others to gain access to technological components for innovation. This paper examines the choice of organizational form for such activities: when should a firm hire a technological expert as a temporary employee, transact through consulting spot markets, or engage in a long-term employment or supply relationship with the expert? Property rights th...

BACKGROUND Recruiting and retaining health professions remains a high priority for health system planners. Different employment sectors may vary in their appeal to providers. We used the concepts of inflow and stickiness to assess the relative attractiveness of sectors for physical therapists (PTs) in Ontario, Canada. Inflow was defined as the percentage of PTs working in a sector who were not ...

[Excerpt] Despite the importance of the first stage of recruitment, there has been limited research regarding the factors that influence job seekers’ decisions during this stage or how firms can systematically impact those factors (Barber, 1998). There is some evidence that employment brand equity (Cable & Turban, 2001; Collins & Stevens, 2002) affect job seekers’ attraction to and intentions t...

This paper examines the dynamic relationship between work-limiting disability and labour market outcomes using longitudinal data created by matching individuals in the Local Labour Force Survey (2004-2010). By applying event-study methods, changes in employment are traced through the onset of, and exit from, disability. These relationships are examined between subgroups of the population, inclu...