Craniosynostosis and skull injuries are most often causes demanding surgical cranioplasty. Craniosynostosis is a condition in which the cranial sutures close too early. Premature closure of the sutures may also cause the pressure inside of the head to increase and the skull or facial bones to change from a normal, symmetrical appearance. Cranioplasty is a surgical repair of a skull, almost as a...

This paper presents the concept of a parallel medical robotic service system to assist in surgical procedure involving precise exploratory trepanation holes patient’s skull. The target position and orientation tool cranial region is determined using prior intracranial image analysis an external imaging system. A trepanning actuation attached end-effector robot. will act as accurate positioner f...

The goal of this study is a comprehensive examination of openings discovered on two skulls in the collection of skeletal remains from the Loyalty Islands (Melanesia). The skull No. 1524 displayed an evidence of successful trepanation, and the skull No. 7985 revealed openings that were reminiscent of a trepanation, however, we are inclined to believe that in the latter case we are dealing with a...

This paper regards the discovery of a trepanated skull dating back to the end of the Middle Bronze Age II (1650-1600 B.C.). The skull was found in a funeral pit in the Syrian city of Ebla. A rectangular area of the frontal bone measuring approximately 50 by 45 mm was purposely surgically removed through the use of a blade. Deposition of new bone indicates that the subject survived for a long pe...

OBJECTIVE Most symptomatic chronic subdural hematomas are treated by subdural drainage. However, a subperiostal (i.e., extracranial) passive closed-drainage system in combination with double burr hole trepanation is used at our institution. Therefore, we wanted to analyze our results and compare them with the alternate treatment strategies reported in the current literature. METHODS In a retr...

This paper discusses trepanation frequency data from the Chachapoya region of the northern highlands of Perú. New data from three skeletal samples are presented: Kuelap, Laguna Huayabamba, and Los Pinchudos, as well as isolated crania housed at the Chachapoya Museo Instituto Nacional de Cultura. The vast majority of the trepanations are circular in shape, except for one individual exhibiting as...