Joseph L. McKibben devised soft robotic actuators in the 1950s when he developed arm orthotics for his daughter who suffered from poliomyelitis [1]. The resulting McKibben actuator consists of an elastomeric tube encased by a mesh of equal and opposite fiber orientations allowing for axial expansion or contraction. Recent research of fiber-reinforced enclosed elastomers (FREEs) has focused on v...

Critical steps toward designing and developing modern materials include observing, simulating, and predicting 3D deformation and cracking mechanisms at various length scales. In this work, advanced characterization and simulation techniques are employed to study the micromechanisms involved in nucleation and propagation of fatigue cracks in an aluminum alloy used in pressure-vessel structures. ...

In this paper we present recent and ongoing results of research on crystallization pressure and the reaction-driven cracking process that can result when hydration, carbonation, and/or oxidation reactions produce large changes in volume, viscosity is high (low temperature) and reaction rates are fast (large chemical potential, catalysts present, etc). Our focus is on natural processes involving...

The effect of acidizing process on the stress corrosion cracking HP-13Cr stainless steel in ultra-depth well environment was studied by slow strain rate test, electrochemical measurement, microstructure observation, and finite element modeling. results indicated that significantly increased susceptibility induced fracture mode to brittle characteristic high temperature CO 2 pressure environment...

Abstract Low pressure superheated H 2 -steam appears to be an interesting alternative pressurized water environments, since it is capable of performing accelerated environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) experiments for nickel base and stainless steel alloys. Constant Extension Rate Tensile (CERT) tests were performed with displacement rates 2×10 -6 or -8 ms -1 at 350, 400, 440 480 °C on flat t...

This project examines the nature of password cracking and modern applications. Several applications for different platforms are studied. Different methods of cracking are explained, including dictionary attack, brute force, and rainbow tables. Password cracking across different mediums is examined. Hashing and how it affects password cracking is discussed. An implementation of two hash-based pa...

current article describes application of zeolites in fluid catalytic cracking (fcc). the use of several zeolitic additives for the production light olefins and reduction of pollutants is described. application of zeolites as fluid catalytic cracking (fcc) catalysts and additives due to the presence of active acid sites in the zeolite framework  increase the formation of desired cracking product...

recently, grave explosions in the oil and gas transport tubes, as well as, the rapid failure of the machine parts in service, were caused by hydrogen cracking. during solidification of metals, in casting ,welding, cathodic charging, etc., the hydrogen can enter in metals and cause premature cracking. the hydrogen embrittlement in metals is accompanied with a charge in the type of fracture surfa...