It has previously been demonstrated that cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) causes prolonged pulmonary vascular hyperreactivity (D.P. Nyhan, J.M. Redmond, A.M. Gillinov, K. Nishiwaki, and P.A. Murray. J. Appl. Physiol. 77: 1584-1590, 1994). This study investigated the effects of CPB on endothelium-dependent (acetylcholine and bradykinin) and endothelium-independent (sodium nitroprusside) pulmonary va...

A hematocrit (Hct) of less than 25% during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and transfusion of homologous packed red blood cells (PRBC) are each associated with an increased probability of adverse events in cardiac surgery. Although the CPB circuit is a major contributor to hemodilution intravenous (IV) fluid volume may also significantly influence the level of hemodilution. The objective of this s...

Objective To investigate the effects of TLR3 and TLR9 signaling pathway on brain injury during CPB in rats pretreated with sevoflurane and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods SD rats were randomly assigned to sham group, CPB group, and Sev group. Brain tissue was obtained at before CPB (T0), at CPB for 30 minutes (T1), 1 hour after CPB (T3), and 3 hours after CPB (T5). ELISA was used to...

Clostridium perfringens type B and type C isolates, which produce beta-toxin (CPB), cause fatal diseases originating in the intestines of humans or livestock. Our previous studies demonstrated that CPB is necessary for type C isolate CN3685 to cause bloody necrotic enteritis in a rabbit ileal loop model and also showed that purified CPB, in the presence of trypsin inhibitor (TI), can reproduce ...

BACKGROUND Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with pulmonary inflammation and dysfunction. This may lead to acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome with increased morbidity and mortality. The authors hypothesized that inhaled carbon monoxide before initiation of CPB would reduce inflammatory response in the lungs. METHODS In a porcine model, a beating-heart CPB was u...

Aflibercept (Eylea) injection (CPB 0701 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors for Ocular Indications) Bevacizumab (Avastin) injection (CPB 0685 Bevacizumab (Avastin)) Pegaptanib sodium (Macugen) injection (CPB 0701 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors for Ocular Indications) Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with light-activated verteporfin (CPB 0594 Visudyne (Verteporfin) Photodynami...

BACKGROUND Cardioplegia-cardiopulmonary bypass (C/CPB) is associated with coronary microcirculatory dysfunction. Regulation of the microcirculation includes myogenic tone. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) have been implicated in coronary vasomotor function. We hypothesized that vasomotor dysfunction of the coronary microcirculation is mediated in part by alterations in extracellular sig...

AIM The aim of this study was to compare the impact of standard cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with mini CPB on peripheral tissue perfusion. METHODS 24 patients with ischemic heart disease scheduled for CPB were randomised to two groups: Group A (12 patients, standard CPB) and Group B (12 patients, mini CPB). Oxygen tension was measured with an optical multiparametric sensor inserted into the p...

Background/Introduction To reduce deleterious effects of C-CPB novel concepts have been developed based on miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass (Mini-CPB) with closed circuits, low priming volumes and optimized perfusion system. In CABG surgery, it has previously shown that the use of Mini-CPB can reduce systemic inflammation compared to C-CPB [25] and so attenuate the pathologic effects of C-CPB.