The selection of antibiotic resistance by cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was evaluated, and we characterized the mechanism of cotrimoxazole resistance in Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus. In vitro susceptibility to six antibiotics was evaluated on 64 mutans streptococci group (MSG) isolates from a cotrimoxazole prophylaxis group and compared to 84 MSG isolates from a nonprophylaxis gr...

The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of the folic acid inhibitor cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim in combination with sulfamethoxazole) was tested in goat kids experimentally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Of the twenty-four 6-day-old kids inoculated with 6 x 10(6) oocysts of C parvum, ten kids were administered cotrimoxazole prophylactically at a dose 20 mg/kg per day of trimetho...

INTRODUCTION Enteric fever is endemic in Nepal and poses a significant public health burden. The first-line drugs ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole have not been part of empirical therapy for two decades due to the development of multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains. The objective of this study was to determine the antibiogram pattern of Salmonella serovars isolated from the bloo...

THE ANTIBACTERIAL ECTIVITY OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES AND COMBINATION WITH COTRIMOXAZOLE AGAINST SALMONELLA TYPHI IN VITRO ANIMAL MODEL

We describe two Malawian adults on successful antiretroviral therapy who experienced frequent malaria episodes after stopping cotrimoxazole prophylaxis. We argue that, in addition to stopping cotrimoxazole, diminished malaria immunity and drug interactions between efavirenz and artemether-lumefantrine may have played a causative role in the recurrent malaria our patients experienced.

The case report on cotrimoxazole-induced pancreatitis by Versleijen et al. deals with the assessment of the probability that cotrimoxazole induced the acute pancreatitis: a causality assessment. In this editorial, we comment on this assessment from a clinical, pharmacological and epidemiological perspective. Moreover, the consequences of the results of the assessment are discussed.

BACKGROUND Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis is recommended for subgroups of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults and children to reduce all-cause morbidity and mortality. We investigated whether antenatal cotrimoxazole prophylaxis begun during pregnancy for HIV-infected pregnant women with low CD4 cell counts would affect birth outcomes. METHODS Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was introduced...

SETTING Thyolo, rural southern Malawi. OBJECTIVES To determine 1) the proportion who continue with cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for the prevention of opportunistic infections, and 2) the reasons for continuing or stopping prophylaxis, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals with tuberculosis (TB) who complete anti-tuberculosis treatment. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. MET...