background: air pollution in tehran, capital of iran is responsible for several diverse negative effects. it has been estab­lished that air pollution can affect human health. these health effects include increased hospital admissions due to the ex­acerba­tion of cardiac and respiratory diseases, as well as symptoms such as headache, cough, eye irritation, nausea, sputum and even death in the mo...

Localization is one of the most crucial problems in Wireless Sensor Networks. In this paper, we present a new scheme to solve this issue in the mobile and large scale networks based on learning based algorithms. The proposed algorithm is cost efficient and applicable to deploy in 3 dimension area. We propose two crucial methods to obtain the best results: position check method and distance chec...

BACKGROUND Limitations of the current annual influenza vaccine have led to ongoing efforts to develop a 'universal' influenza vaccine, i.e., one that targets a ubiquitous portion of the influenza virus so that the coverage of a single vaccination can persist for multiple years. OBJECTIVES To estimate the economic value of a 'universal' influenza vaccine compared to the standard annual influen...

AIMS To assess the cost-effectiveness of two primary care interventions, a letter and a flag, aimed at improving attendance for breast screening among (i) all women invited for breast screening and (ii) non-attenders. METHODS A probabilistic decision analytic model was developed using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation implemented in WinBUGS. The model was populated using economic and effect...