cosmic rays (cr) travel at speeds essentially indistinguishable from the speed of light. however whilst travelling through magnetic fields, both regular and turbulent, they are delayed behind the light since they are usually charged particles and their paths are not linear. those delays can be so long that they are an impediment to correctly identifying sources which may be variable in time. fu...

The production spectrum of high-energy muons as a function depth in the atmosphere is relevant for understanding properties event rates deep detectors. For given atmospheric profile, cascades heavy nuclei develop at higher altitude than proton showers, giving rise to larger separation depth. type primary cosmic ray, seasonal variations muon reflect fact that temperatures correspond lower densit...

The ν̄e → π−π0 and νe+ → π+π0 reactions have a resonant structure whenever the energy of the s–channel equals the mass of a JP = 1 vector meson. The resonant cross sections are of the order 10−38 cm2 and correspond to cosmic ray antineutrino energies in the range 0.20 to 2.00 TeV. A similar structure occurs in the annihilation of cosmic ray antineutrinos with a relic (background) neutrino. For m...

1. It was first suggested by Yukawa(1) that the to mesons are un stableand disintegrate spontaneously each into an electron and a neu trino.This assumption was added to his meson theory of nuclear forces in order to account for the beta-decay of the radioactive nuclei, which can then be considered as the virtual emission of a rueson by a nuelear particle and the subsequent decay of the meson. T...

Observations imply that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are produced by the dissipation of the kinetic energy of a highly relativistic fireball. Photo-meson interactions of protons with γ-rays within the fireball dissipation region are expected to convert a significant fraction of fireball energy to > 10 eV neutrinos. We present an analysis of the internal shock model of GRBs, where production of synch...

We argue that the increase of the ratio baryon/meson due to the presence of strong colour fields and percolation in ultra-high energy hadronic collisions, helps to explain some of the global features of ultra-high energy cosmic ray cascades at E > 1018 eV and, in particular the observed excess in the number of muons with respect to current models of hadronic interactions. A reasonable agreement...

geomagnetic field is a one of the candidates for creation of anisotropy in azimuth distribution of extensive air showers over the entered cosmic rays to the atmosphere. here we present the question: is there any azimuth anisotropy flux in the upper level of the atmosphere due to the geomagnetic field over the entered cosmic-rays? the obtained answer is: yes. this investigation showed an agreeme...