The current study investigated the effectiveness of genre-based instruction on the development of EFL learners’ writing skills. Participants were 34 undergraduate students majoring in textile engineering at an Iranian state university, and they had enrolled in the English for specific academic purposes course. Participants were taught how to write 4 types of business letters, highlighting the p...

Given a sequence of letters generated independently from a finite alphabet, we consider the case when more than one, but not all, letters are generated with the highest probability. The length of the longest run of any of these letters is shown to be one greater than the length of the longest run in a particular state of an associated Markov chain. Using results of Foulser and Karlin (19...

We show that the cosmic star formation rate per comoving volume should exhibit a distinct drop around the reionization redshift, when the H II regions in the intergalactic medium around individual ionizing sources first overlapped. The drop results from the increase in the temperature of the intergalactic medium as it was photo-ionized, and the consequent suppression of the formation of low-mas...

This article delves into the concept of tawajjuh through a poem and prayer ascribed to Arabic letter rāʾ, which expresses key themes in Akbarian tradition. Using hermeneutical approach Ibn ʿArabī interpret word polysemy texts, sheds light on science letters metaphysical ideas cultivated this The rāʾ represents various aspects cosmic duality hence strong desire for intimacy. tawajjuh, meaning pr...

certainly the meaning-letters play an important role in arabic language, so that the correct understanding of arabic prose and poetry and also the exalted meaning of the holly quran is dependent on knowledge of these letters, their difference and guidance applications. the fundamental and important role of these letters is subject of this research. at the beginning of this paper the following q...

geomagnetic field is a one of the candidates for creation of anisotropy in azimuth distribution of extensive air showers over the entered cosmic rays to the atmosphere. here we present the question: is there any azimuth anisotropy flux in the upper level of the atmosphere due to the geomagnetic field over the entered cosmic-rays? the obtained answer is: yes. this investigation showed an agreeme...