COSMED K4b is a portable electrical device designed to test pulmonary functions. It is ideal for many applications that need the measurement of the cardio-respiratory response either in the field or in the lab is capable with the capability to delivery real time data to a sink node or a PC base station with storing data in the memory at the same time. But the actual sensor outputs and data rece...

INTRODUCTION K4b2 (COSMED Srl Italy) is a portable device that is considered valid and reliable for measuring oxygen uptake (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) under laboratory conditions. OBJECTIVES Evaluate the test-retest reliability of K4b2 during walking, stair climbing and descending stairs under free living conditions. METHODS Twelve participants completed two self-selected co...

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of measurements of VO2 as obtained by the Zephyr Bioharness (ZB) and the Cosmed Quark CPET Metabolic cart (CM). Both ZB and CM have been proven reliable by previous research. The ZB is portable and offers many practical advantages over CM, which requires greater expertise and expense, and tests must be completed in a laboratory setting. Aerob...

The paper presents two prototypes for the estimation of human energy expenditure during normal daily activities and exercise. The first prototype employs two dedicated inertial sensors attached to the user’s chest and thigh and a heart rate monitor. The second prototype uses only the accelerometer embedded in a smart phone carried in the user’s pocket. Both systems use machine learning for the ...

in this paper, we present some inequalities for the co-pi index involving the some topological indices, the number of vertices and edges, and the maximum degree. after that, we give a result for trees. in addition, we give some inequalities for the largest eigenvalue of the co-pi matrix of g.

in this paper, we introduce the notion of primal strong co-ideals and give some results involving them. it is shown thatsubtractive strong co-ideals are intersection of all primal strong co-ideals that contain them. also we prove that the representation of strong co-ideals as reduced intersections of primal strong co-ideals is unique.

Although popular in clinical settings, little is known about the utility of all-extremity semirecumbent exercise machines for research. Twenty-one community-dwelling older adults performed two exercise trials (three 4-min stages at increasing workloads) to evaluate the reliability and validity of exercise responses to submaximal all-extremity semirecumbent exercise (BioStep). Exercise responses...

The aim of the study was to elucidate combined effects of water immersion (WI) and changing body positions on human cardiorespiratory (CR) function in regular swimming pool conditions. Twelve young healthy volunteers (6 females, 6 males) adopted a series of eight 4-min resting body positions on dry land and during WI. CR and gas exchange parameters were measured breath-by-breath by a telemetric...

This paper is focused on a machine-learning approach for estimating human energy expenditure during sport and normal daily activities. The paper presents technical feasibility assessment that analyses requirements and applicability of smart phone sensors to human energy expenditure. The paper compares and evaluates three different sensor configuration sets: (i) a heart rate monitor and two stan...