Near-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics was applied to construct a hybrid model for the non-invasive detection of protein content in different types of plant feed materials. In total, 829 samples of plant feed materials, which included corn distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS), corn germ meal, corn gluten meal, distillers' dried grains (DDG) and rapeseed meal, were collec...

The cysteine proteinases, mu- and m-calpain, along with their inhibitor, calpastatin, have been hypothesized to play a role in skeletal muscle protein degradation. Because nutrition has previously been shown to influence the expression of calpastatin, the working hypothesis of this study was that the quantity and source of dietary protein could influence regulation of the calpain system in musc...

Corn gluten meal (CGM) is a major coproduct of corn wet milling; it has value because of high protein. However, variation in composition and high P content reduce market value. Data that characterize gluten streams would be helpful in identifying key processing steps that could be modified to improve the quality of CGM and increase processing efficiency. Few data are published in the literature...

Saponification of xanthophyll esters in various feed sources has been shown to improve pigmentation efficiency in broiler skin and egg yolks. Three trials were conducted to evaluate a rapid liquid chromatography procedure for estimating the relative degree of xanthophyll saponification using samples of yellow corn, corn gluten meal, alfalfa, and 6 commercially available marigold meal concentrat...

An experiment (3 trials) was conducted to determine the AME(n) of 15 corn co-products obtained from various wet and dry milling plants, and to develop prediction equations for AME(n) based on chemical composition. Co-products included distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS, n = 6), high-protein distillers dried grains (n = 2), corn germ (n = 2), corn germ meal, corn bran with solubles, cor...

Three experiments evaluated the lipids in distillers grains plus solubles compared with corn or other sources of lipid in finishing diets. Experiment 1 utilized 60 individually fed yearling heifers (349 +/- 34 kg of BW) fed treatments consisting of 0, 20, or 40% (DM basis) wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS), or 0, 2.5, or 5.0% (DM basis) corn oil in a finishing diet based on high-moistu...

A system was developed for evaluation of protein sources in ruminant diets. Two steer growth trials were conducted to determine if the system would differentiate between protein sources. Corn cob, corn-based diets were supplemented with urea or a test protein: soybean meal (SBM), a SBM-bentonite complex (SBMB), direct-cut dehydrated (DCD) or wilted dehydrated alfalfa (WD) or corn gluten meal (C...

Three Holstein steer calves (179 kg) were fitted with reentrant cannulas at the proximal duodenum. The animals were used in a series of metabolism experiments designed to measure duodenal passage of nonammonia and nonmicrobial N, and to evaluate the extent of degradation of supplemental protein within the rumen. When casein-, soybean meal-, cottonseed mealand corn gluten meal-supplemented diets...