Samples of food crops (peanut, peeled pistachio, unpeeled pistachio, rice, and corn) and feed (barley, bran, corn) were autoclave-sterilized, and inoculated with 10(6) of spore suspension of an isolate of Aspergillus flavus fungus known to produce aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) . Following a 10-day period of incubation at 27 C to allow for fungal growth, food and feed samples were irradiated with gamma ra...

Insect-protected corn hybrids containing Cry insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis have protection from target pests and provide effective management of insect resistance. MON 89034 hybrids have been developed that produce both the Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 proteins, which provide two independent modes of insecticidal action against the European corn borer ( Ostrinia nubilalis )...

U.S. corn production was 53 million Mg annually and corn yield averaged 1518 kg ha in the 1930s, when corn hybrids were first commercially grown. Corn production grew to 76 million Mg annually in the 1950s, to 150 million Mg annually in the 1970s, and to 219 million Mg in the 1990s (USDA/NASS 2007). In 2001 corn became the highest tonnage cereal crop worldwide: 557.6 million Mg of corn, 542.4 m...

We evaluated the effect of wet corn gluten feed and a novel product containing raw soybean hulls and corn steep liquor on performance in lactating dairy cows. Forty-six multiparous Holstein cows were used in a randomized incomplete block design. Cows were housed in tie stalls for the first 13 weeks of lactation and moved to group pens for the remainder of the study. Cows were blocked by calving...

This study compared the profiles of fatty acids, phytosterols, and polyamine conjugates in conventional commercial corn oil extracted from corn germ and in two ‘‘new-generation’’ corn oils: hexane-extracted corn fiber oil and ethanol-extracted corn kernel oil. The fatty acid compositions of all three corn oils were very similar and were unaffected by degumming, refining, bleaching, and deodoriz...

Three experiments were conducted to determine the efficacy of limit-feeding corn-based diets as an alternative to hay for beef cows in gestation and early lactation. Seventy or 71 mature, pregnant Simmental crossbred cows (average weight = 589 +/- 10 kg) were used in each trial. Each of 29 or 30 cows was fed approximately 5 kg of whole shelled corn, 1.2 kg of a pelletted supplement, and 1 kg of...

We used a total of 504 commercial Single Comb White Leghorn hens (69 and 65 wk of age) in each of two experiments, and hens were induced to molt by feed withdrawal only. Feed withdrawal lasted for 12 and 11 d, and hens lost 26 and 25%, body weight in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. All hens were then weighed, and seven replicate groups of 12 hens each were assigned to molt diet treatments. I...

in order to determinate the effects of plant densities in intercropped corn (zea mays l.) and bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) on radiation absorption and use efficiency, an experiment was conducted at the agricultural research station, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran during growing season of 2007-2008. this experiment was conducted in low input system. a randomized complete block design with ...

Previous results indicated that performance of chicks fed a high level (10%) of poultry by-product meal(PBM) was lower than performance of chicks fed a corn-soybean meal (SBM) diet. The latter difference was hypothesized to be due to variation in digestible amino acid (AA) levels among the diets. This study evaluated diets containing PBM formulated on equivalent total AA basis vs. an equivalent...