In recent years, many core displacement experiments of oil by seawater performed on chalk rock samples have reported SO4 2−, Ca, and Mg as potential determining ions for improving oil recovery. Most of these studies were carried out with outcrop chalk core plugs. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential of the advanced waterflooding process by carrying out experiments with re...

Hydrogen is a clean fuel which has the potential to drastically decarbonize energy supply chain. However, hydrogen storage currently key challenge; one solution this problem geo-storage, with very large quantities of H2 can be stored economically. Possible target formations are deep coal seams, and permeability parameter determines how fast injected withdrawn again. it well known that gas injec...

In many reservoirs, after water flooding, a large volume of oil is still left behind. Hot water injection is the most basic type of thermal recovery which increase recovery by improved sweep efficiency and thermal expansion of crude.In the present work, the effects of injection rate and the temperature of the injected water were surveyed by using core flooding apparatus. Water flooding was perf...

Several studies have shown that oil recovery significantly increased by low salinity water flooding (LSWF) in sandstones. However, mechanism of oil recovery improvement is still controversial. CO2 that develops buffer in presence of water is expected as a deterrent factor in LSWF efficiency based on mechanism of IFT reduction due to pH uprising. No bright evidence in literature suppo...

Session Initiation Protocol is a core protocol for coming real time communication networks, including VoIP, IMS and IPTV networks. Based on the open IP stack, it is similarly susceptible to Denial-of-Service Attacks launched against SIP servers. More than 20 different research works have been published to address SIP-related DoS problems. In this survey we explain three different types of DoS a...

In order to determine the matching relationship of polymer molecular weight and reservoir permeability in ASP (alkaline/surfactant/polymer) flooding, a number of core flooding experiments with different polymer molecular weights are performed. Two types of curves for the relationship between the pressure difference and the injection pore volume multiples are obtained. One describes the characte...

An investigation was conducted to study the reutilization of clear fracturing flowback fluids composed of viscoelastic surfactants (VES) with additives in surfactant flooding, making the process more efficient and cost-effective. The clear fracturing flowback fluids were used as surfactant flooding system with the addition of α-olefin sulfonate (AOS) for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The interfa...

Most of the multicast routing protocols for ad-hoc networks today are based on shared or source-based trees; however, keeping a routing tree connected for the purpose of data forwarding may lead to a substantial network overhead. A different approach to multicast routing consists of building a shared mesh for each multicast group. In multicast meshes, data packets can be accepted from any route...