objective(s):despite of wide range applications of polymeric nanoparticles in protein delivery, there are some problems for the field of protein entrapment, initial burst and controlled release profile.   materials and methods: in this study, we investigated the influence of some changes in plga nanoparticles formulation to improve the initial and controlled release profile. selected parameters ...

Upon entering a presynaptic terminal, an action potential opens Ca(2+) channels, and transiently increases the local Ca(2+) concentration at the presynaptic active zone. Ca(2+) then triggers neurotransmitter release within a few hundred microseconds by activating synaptotagmins Ca(2+). Synaptotagmins bind Ca(2+) via two C2-domains, and transduce the Ca(2+) signal into a nanomechanical activatio...

the aim of this study was to develop a derivative of chitosan as pharmaceutical excipient used in sustained-release matrix tablets of poorly soluble drugs. a water-soluble quaternary ammonium carboxymethylchitosan was synthesized by a two-step reaction with carboxymethylchitosan (cmcts), decylalkyl dimethyl ammonium and epichlorohydrin. the elemental analysis showed that the target product with...

Background and objectives: The purpose of this study was optimization of semisolid topical formulation from ethanol extract of turmeric and evaluation of rheological characterization and investigation of physicochemical control tests. Methods: The ethanolic extract was prepared with Soxhlet method and the compounds were isolated with silica gel column chromatog...

objective(s): to investigate the chronopharmacological effects of growth hormone on executive function and the oxidative stress response in rats. materials and methods: fifty male wistar rats (36-40 weeks old) had ad libitum access to water and food and were separated into four groups: diurnal control, nocturnal control, diurnal gh-treated, and nocturnal gh-treated animals. levels of cu, zn sup...

objective(s): this study evaluates the effect of substitution of microcrystalline cellulose (mcc) with ethylcellulose (ec) on mechanical and release characteristics of theophylline pellets. materials and methods: the effect of addition of ec was investigated on characteristics of pellets with varying drug content prepared by extrusion-spheronization. also the effect of type of granulating liqui...