We argue that weak containment is an appropriate notion of amenability for inverse semigroups. Given an inverse semigroup S and a homomorphism φ of S onto a group G, we show, under an assumption on ker(φ), that S has weak containment if and only if G is amenable and ker(φ) has weak containment. Using Fell bundle amenability, we find a related result for inverse semigroups with zero. We show tha...

We study the computational question whether a given polytope or spectrahedron SA (as given by the positive semidefiniteness region of a linear matrix pencil A(x)) is contained in another one SB . First we classify the computational complexity, extending results on the polytope/polytope-case by Gritzmann and Klee to the polytope/spectrahedron-case. For various restricted containment problems, NP...

RNA molecules will tend to adopt a folded conformation through the pairing of bases on a single strand; the resulting so-called secondary structure is critical to the function of many types of RNA. The secondary structure of a particular substring of functional RNA may depend on its surrounding sequence. Yet, some RNAs such as microRNAs retain their specific structures during biogenesis, which ...

We give a general framework for approximate query processing in semistructured databases. We focus on regular path queries, which are the integral part of most of the query languages for semistructured databases. To enable approximations, we allow the regular path queries to be distorted. The distortions are expressed in the system by using weighted regular expressions, which correspond to weig...

Future large-scale computer systems will require a comprehensive and flexible resilience solution to maintain correctness while satisfying strict energy constraints. Toward this end, this document presents the definition of the semantics of scalable and efficient containment domains (CDs) resilience framework. Containment domains are a programming construct that enables applications to express,...

Concepts of containment, support, and degree of fit were investigated using nonverbal, preferential-looking tasks with 9- to 14-month-old infants and adults who were fluent in either English or Korean. Two contrasts were tested: tight containment vs. loose support (grammaticized as 'in' and 'on' in English by spatial prepositions and 'kkita' and 'nohta' in Korean by spatial verbs) and tight con...

The data models of a series of 11 configuration management systems—of varying type and complexity—are represented using containment data models. Containment data models are a specialized form of entityrelationship model in which entities may be containers or atoms, and the only permitted form of relationship is inclusion or referential containment. By using entities to represent the native abst...

In this article, the authors provide an overview of the problem of health care cost containment. Both the growth of health care spending and its underlying causes are discussed. Further, the authors define cost containment, provide a framework for describing cost-containment strategies, and describe the major cost-containment strategies. Finally, the role of research in choosing such a strategy...

One of the most important reasoning tasks on queries is checking containment, i.e., verifying whether one query yields necessarily a subset of the result of another one. Query containment, is crucial in several contexts, such as query optimization, query reformulation, knowledge-base verification, information integration, integrity checking, and cooperative answering. Containment is undecidable...