We discuss a number of open issues within object-oriented programming. The central mechanisms of object-oriented programming appeared with Simula developed more than 30 years ago including class, subclass, virtual function, active object and the first application framework, Class Simulation. The core parts of object-oriented programming should be well understood, but there are still a large num...

Ð The introduction of the Washington Consensus involved not simply a swing from state-led to market-oriented policies, but also a shift in the ways in which development problems were framed and in the types of explanation through which policies were justi®ed. Key changes were the partial globalization of development policy analysis, and a shift from historicism to ahistorical performance assess...

Consensus is the desired result in many argumentative discourses such as negotiations, public debates, and goal-oriented forums. This paper presents a summary of the work dedicated to investigating of discourse structure in order to determine rhetorical structures that lead to consensus. In addition we investigated language patterns extracted from the data collection in order to discover which ...

Smart devices have accentuated the importance of geolocation information. Geolocation identification using smart has paved path for incentive-based location-based services (LBS). However, a user’s full control over device can allow tampering location proof. Witness-oriented proof systems (LPS) emerged to resist generation false proofs and mitigate collusion attacks. witness-oriented LPS are sti...

this article examines capacity of rational dialogues to achieve ethical universalism. in positive attitude, rational ability considered as most important reason for possibility of achievement to common social-political norms and rights. rational dialogue, by creating a suitable space for dialogue beyond the private interests and involvement of state power; searches consensus on foundation of so...

One of the largest challenges facing educators teaching object-oriented courses is deciding how to evaluate each students programming skill. This research focus on how we addressed this challenge in object oriented programming course by proposing a new assessment method to assess students’ object-oriented programming skills. The process begins by identifying generic object-oriented skills that ...

This article draws on the post-terror setting of Norway to investigate interactions between consensus, contestation, and conflict in public debates about diversity. A consensus-oriented unity prevailed immediate responses 2011 terror attacks that killed 77 people Norway. Analysis 40 semi-structured interviews identifies lingering perceptions following conditions limited space for contestation a...